Ch.6+7; Skeletal Tissue + Axial Skeleton

answer the chapter questions

Bone Functions:

• support

• hard framework

• hematopoiesis

• mineral storage (i.e: calcium)

• energy metabolism (osteoblasts secrete osteocytes that influence blood sugar levels)

Spongy vs Compact Bone

Spongy:
- made of trabecula (needle-like pieces)

Compact Bone:

• made of osteons with calcified matrix

What are the ends of the long bone called? What about the middle part?

Proxiamal/Distal Epiphyses and Diaphysis

What does the medullary cavity hold, and what do they do?

Yellow: lies in dormant and only produces RBC in emergency
Red: hematopoiesis

Compare the structure of the three kinds of cartilage

Hyaline: smooth and glassy appearance

Fibrocartilage: large bundles of cartilage that run linearly

Elastic: dense-network of elastic fibers, with dark-stained matrix

Compare the functions of the three kinds of cartilage

Hyaline: supports/reinforces structures + resists compression

Fibrocartilage: absorbs shock

Elastic: recoils

Compare the locations of three kinds of cartilages

Hyaline: nose and trachea
Fibrocartilage: intervertebral disc and pubic symphysis

Elastic: external ear and epiglottis

Bone Tissue Function:

• bone support/protection

• levers for muscles to act on

• stores calcium/minerals/fat inside marrow inside for hematopoiesis

Surfaces that form joints: Head

bony extension carried on a narrow neck

Surfaces that form joints: Facet

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

Surfaces that form joints: Condyles

rounded articular projection, usually articulaes with corresponding fossa

Depressions/Openings: Foramen

round/oval opening through a bone

Depressions/Openings: Notch

indentation at the edge of a structure

Depressions/Openings: Meatus

Canal-like passageway

Depressions/Openings: Sinus

cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane