common elements in the human body

Hydrogen (H)

Classification: Primary Element. Major constituent of organic molecules and water (H2O). Its free ionic form (H+) makes fluids more acidic.

Nitrogen (N)

Classification: Primary Element. Primary component of organic compounds, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Oxygen (O)

Classification: Primary Element. Part of many organic molecules and water. Cells use it in production of energy (ATP).

Carbon (C)

Classification: Primary Element. The primary component of all organic molecules.

Phosphorus (P)

Classification: Secondary Element. Important part of nucleic acids and ATP. Needed for normal bone structure.

Sodium (Na)

Classification: Secondary Element. In ionic form (Na+), it is the most abundant chemical component in extracellular fluid. Essential for nerve impulse conduction and water balance.

Calcium (Ca)

Classification: Secondary Element. As an ion (Ca2+), it is necessary for muscle contraction, blood clotting, and normal bone structure.

Potassium (K)

Classification: Secondary Element. In ionic form (K+), it is the most abundant chemical component of intracellular fluid. Needed for nerve impulse conduction.

Chlorine (Cl)

Classification: Secondary Element. As an ion (Cl-), it is the most abundant negatively charged particle in extracellular fluid. Needed for maintaining optimal water balance.

Magnesium (Mg)

Classification: Secondary Element. As an ion (Mg2+), it supports the actions of many enzymes in the body.

Iron (Fe)

Classification: Secondary Element. In ionic form (Fe2+ and Fe3+), they are part of the oxygen-carrying molecule (hemoglobin) found in red blood cells.

Sulfur (S)

Classification: Secondary Element. Performs metabolic functions. Important for healthy hair, nails, and skin. Helps maintain oxygen balance for optimal brain function and cellular metabolism.