2020 Science Olympiad Major Skeletal Muscles

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50 Terms

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frontalis

raises eyebrows

<p>raises eyebrows</p>
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Orbicularis oris

closes lips

<p>closes lips</p>
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Orbicularis oculi

closes eye

<p>closes eye</p>
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Occipitofrontalis

raises eyebrows

<p>raises eyebrows</p>
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Zygomaticus major

smiling

<p>smiling</p>
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Masseter

elevates mandible

<p>elevates mandible</p>
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Sternocleidomastoid

flexes neck; rotates head

<p>flexes neck; rotates head</p>
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Trapezius

Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula; rotates the arm

<p>Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula; rotates the arm</p>
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Buccinator

Used to suck in your cheeks

<p>Used to suck in your cheeks</p>
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External Intercostals

elevates ribs (breathing)

<p>elevates ribs (breathing)</p>
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Internal Intercostals

depresses ribs (breathing)

<p>depresses ribs (breathing)</p>
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Transverse abdominis

compresses abdomen, protects spin

<p>compresses abdomen, protects spin</p>
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Infraspinatus

Laterally rotates shoulder

<p>Laterally rotates shoulder</p>
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Rectus abdominis

flexes and rotates vertebral column

<p>flexes and rotates vertebral column</p>
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Serratus anterior

pulls scapula anteriorly and downward

<p>pulls scapula anteriorly and downward</p>
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Diaphragm

Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing

<p>Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing</p>
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Pectoralis major

Adducts and flexes humerus

<p>Adducts and flexes humerus</p>
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Latissimus dorsi

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; draws the shoulder downward and backward

<p>Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; draws the shoulder downward and backward</p>
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Deltoid

abducts arm

<p>abducts arm</p>
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Teres major

extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

<p>extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm</p>
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Biceps brachii

flexes forearm

<p>flexes forearm</p>
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Triceps brachii

extends forearm

<p>extends forearm</p>
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Brachialis

flexes forearm

<p>flexes forearm</p>
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Brachioradialis

flexes forearm

<p>flexes forearm</p>
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Palmaris longus

flexes wrist

<p>flexes wrist</p>
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Flexor carpi radialis

flexes wrist and abducts hand

<p>flexes wrist and abducts hand</p>
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Flexor digitorum superficialis

flexes wrist and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

<p>flexes wrist and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5</p>
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Extensor carpi radialis

Extends wrist and abducts hand

<p>Extends wrist and abducts hand</p>
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Extensor digitorum

extends fingers

<p>extends fingers</p>
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Extensor digiti minimi

extends little finger

<p>extends little finger</p>
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Extensor carpi ulnaris

extends and adducts wrist

<p>extends and adducts wrist</p>
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Iliopsoas

flexes hip

<p>flexes hip</p>
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Sartorius

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip; flexes knee

<p>Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip; flexes knee</p>
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Gluteus maximus

extends thigh

<p>extends thigh</p>
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Gluteus medius

abducts and medially rotates thigh

<p>abducts and medially rotates thigh</p>
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Tensor fasciae latae

Abducts, flexes, and rotates the thigh medially

<p>Abducts, flexes, and rotates the thigh medially</p>
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Adductor longus

adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

<p>adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh</p>
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Gracilis

adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

<p>adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg</p>
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Semimembranosus

Flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group

<p>Flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group</p>
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Semitendinosus

extends thigh and flexes leg

<p>extends thigh and flexes leg</p>
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Biceps femoris

extends thigh and flexes leg

<p>extends thigh and flexes leg</p>
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Rectus femoris

extends leg and flexes thigh

<p>extends leg and flexes thigh</p>
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Vastus lateralis

extends knee

<p>extends knee</p>
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Vastus intermedium

extends knee

<p>extends knee</p>
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Vastus medialis

extends knee

<p>extends knee</p>
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Tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes and inverts foot

<p>dorsiflexes and inverts foot</p>
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Gastrocnemius

calf muscle that flexes the knee and bends the foot downward

<p>calf muscle that flexes the knee and bends the foot downward</p>
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Soleus

plantar flexes foot

<p>plantar flexes foot</p>
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Peroneus longus

Muscle that covers the outer side of the calf; inverts the foot and turns it outward.

<p>Muscle that covers the outer side of the calf; inverts the foot and turns it outward.</p>
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Peroneus brevis

Shorter of the two muscles responsible for rotating the foot down and out

<p>Shorter of the two muscles responsible for rotating the foot down and out</p>