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Functional Anatomy of the Respiratory System
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18 Terms
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1
Nasal Cavity
Filters, warms, and humidifies the air before it enters the lungs.
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2
Pharynx
Serves as a pathway for both air and food, connecting the nasal cavity to the larynx.
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3
Larynx
Contains the vocal cords and is responsible for sound production, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.
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4
Trachea
U-shaped tube that connects the larynx to the lungs; also known as the windpipe.
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5
Bronchi
Carry air to and from the lungs.
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6
Alveoli
Where gas exchanges occur between the blood and external environment; involved in exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide during breathing.
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7
Respiratory mucosa
Lining of the nasal cavity that moistens air and traps incoming foreign particles.
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8
Paranasal Sinuses
Cavities within the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones surrounding the nasal cavity.
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9
Frontal sinuses
Located within the frontal bone, above the eyebrows.
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10
Sphenoid sinuses
Situated deep within the sphenoid bone, behind the nasal cavity.
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11
Ethmoid sinuses
A group of small air cells within the ethmoid bone, between the eyes and nose.
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12
Maxillary sinuses
The largest sinuses, found within the maxillary bone, below the eyes and in the cheek area.
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13
Epiglottis
Routes food and air; during swallowing, it rises and forms a lid over the opening of the larynx.
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14
Pulmonary Ventilation
The process of moving air in and out of the lungs.
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15
External respiration
Gas exchange between the blood and alveoli.
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16
Respiratory gas transport
Transportation of gases, like carbon dioxide, via the bloodstream.
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17
Internal respiration
Gas exchange between blood and tissue cells in systemic capillaries.
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18
Forced expiration
A controlled exhalation primarily relying on internal intercostal muscle contraction to depress the rib cage.
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