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Chapter 5: Movement
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Biology
Brain-Facts-Seventh-Edition-(2012)
Chapter-5
Movement
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28 Terms
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1
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Reflexes
________ occur rapidly & without attention because they are built into the system of spinal cord neurons.
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Dopamine
________ is supplied to the basal ganglia by neurons in the Substantia Nigra (midbrain cell group).
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Flexor
________: a muscle that closes the joints it spans.
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Fibers
________ activate motor neurons in the stretched muscle causing the stretch reflex.
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Extensor
________: a muscle that opens the joints it spans.
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Antagonist
________: muscles that oppose the intended direction of movement.
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Cerebellum
________: a brain structure at the back of the brain that is very important for coordination and adjusting skilled movement.
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Agonists
________: muscles that move joints in the intended direction.
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Motor cortex
________: important area in the frontal lobe responsible for voluntary movement.
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Flexion withdrawal
________ (bottom) occurs when your bare foot encounters a sharp object.
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basal ganglia
The ________ and thalamus have connections with motor and sensory areas of the cerebral cortex.
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direct information
The cerebellum gets ________ from sensory receptors in the head and limbs, as well as areas of the cerebral cortex.
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Reflexes
________: relatively fixed, automatic muscle responses to particular stimuli.
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cerebellum
The ________ also helps adjust motor output to deal with changing conditions.
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fiber
Each ________ is controlled by 1 alpha motor neuron in the brain or spinal cord.
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cerebellum
The ________ integrates information to ensure smooth coordination.
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reflexes
All ________ involve the activation of small sensory receptors in skin, joints, and in muscles.
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skeletal muscles
Muscles that are attached to bones in the body to produce voluntary movements.
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Flexor
A muscle that closes the joints it spans.
20
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Extensor
A muscle that opens the joints it spans.
21
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Agonists
Muscles that move joints in the intended direction.
22
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Antagonist
Muscles that oppose the intended direction of movement.
23
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Motor unit
The alpha motor neuron and the muscle fibers it controls.
24
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Reflexes
Relatively fixed, automatic muscle responses to particular stimuli.
25
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muscle spindles
The receptors in muscles.
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stretch reflex
Contraction of the muscle caused by activation of motor neurons.
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Motor cortex
An important area in the frontal lobe responsible for voluntary movement.
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Cerebellum
A brain structure at the back of the brain that is very important for coordination and adjusting skilled movement.
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