Chapter 21 – Sex Chromosomes: Sex Determination
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A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to sex determination and associated mechanisms.
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10 Terms
Sex Chromosomes
Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual; typically X and Y in mammals.
Testis-Determining Factor (TDF)
A protein encoded by the SRY gene on the Y chromosome that triggers male development.
XY System
Sex determination system where XY embryos develop as males and XX as females.
ZW System
Sex determination system in birds and some other species where ZZ embryos are male and ZW are female.
X/O System
Sex determination system in certain insects where the presence of one X chromosome leads to male development.
Chromosome Dosage
Mechanism of sex determination based on the ratio of sex chromosomes to autosomes.
X-Autosome Ratio
Method of determining sex in Drosophila; calculated as the ratio of X chromosomes to sets of autosomes.
Ploidy Level
System of sex determination where haploid individuals are male and diploid individuals are female.
Environmental Sex Determination
Mechanisms, such as temperature during development, that influence sex determination.
Parthenogenesis
A form of asexual reproduction where females produce fertile eggs without males.