Wellness - Human reproduction

breech

fetus is not in head downward position

contractions

labor pains

umbilical cord

attaches fetus to the placenta

ovulation

egg released from ovary; can only conceive around this time; 14 days prior to period beginning

swimming motion

how the sperm moves

fetus

unborn child from 2 mos. to birth

Cesarean section

operation to deliver baby through the abdominal wall

semen

fluid of the male reproductive tract

afterbirth

placenta after the baby is born

fallopian tubes

oviduct; conception takes place here

testicles

responsible for sperm production

placenta

nourishes fetus prior to birth

sperm

male sex cell

ova

egg

embryo

after the period of the zygote until 2 months of pregnancy

amniotic sac

bag of waters; fluid filled sack

tubal ligation

surgical bisection of the fallopian tubes for sterilization

urethra

carries urine and semen in the male

amniocentesis

test on the amniotic fluid

congenital

defects that exist from birth

genes

basic units of heredity

parenting

process of raising a child

scrotum

pouch-like structures that hold the testes

determines the sex of offspring

male

gynecologist

doctor that treats female disorders

colostrum

fluid secreted from the mother's breasts to nourish the baby the first days of life (before the milk comes in)

obstetrician

doctor who specializes in care of pregnant women and the delivery of the baby

lanugo

fine hair covering the fetus during pregnancy, which usually disappears before birth

xx

female

xy

male

40 weeks

length of pregnancy; 280 days

fertilization

process when the sperm and egg fuse to form one

vasectomy

sterilization of the male

Lamaze

breathing techniques used during labor and delivery

Epidural

Inserted in the back to relieve discomfort of childbirth

Natural Childbirth

Delivery method using no drugs

Menstrual cycle

28 day cycle leading to period

erection

male penis becomes erect during sexual arousal

penis

male organ of intercourse; erectile tissue

vagina

female - opens to outside; connects to cervix/uterus

orgasm

climax; peak of sexual arousal; muscular contractions; may speed sperm movement, but not required for conception

symptoms of pregnancy

nausea; late period; tender breasts; fatigue

heart begins to beat

3-4 weeks

all organs present

2-3 months

moves into head down position

8-9 months

trimester

3 divisions of pregnancy

3 stages of labor

contractions (longest); delivery; afterbirth

fraternal twins

2 eggs & 2 sperm

identical twins

1 egg & 1 sperm; same sex

ultrasound

sound waves produce an image of the baby