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anatomy
The study of body structure
physiology
The study of body function
gross anatomy
visible with the naked eye
microscopic anatomy
visible with a microscope
integumentary system
organ system composed of hair, skin and nails
skeletal system
organ system composed of cartilage, bones, and joints
muscular system
organ system composed of tendons and skeletal muscles
nervous system
organ system composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
endocrine system
organ system composed of the pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenals, testes/ovaries, etc.
cardiovascular system
organ system composed of the heart and blood vessels
lymphatic system
organ system composed of the thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic vessels, etc.
respiratory system
organ system composed of the nasal cavity, trachea, lungs, etc.
digestive system
organ system composed of the stomach, liver, gall bladder, intestines, etc.
urinary system
organ system composed of the kidneys and urinary bladder
male reproductive system
organ system composed of the epididymis and testes
female reproductive system
organ system composed of the mammary glands, ovaries, and uterus
integumentary system
organ system whose functional purpose is to enclose internal structures and has sensory receptors
skeletal system
organ system whose functional purpose is to support the body structurally.
muscular system
organ system whose functional purpose is to enable movement and help maintain body temperature
nervous system
organ system whose functional purpose is to detect and process sensory info and activate responses
endocrine system
organ system whose functional purpose is to secrete hormones and regulate bodily processes
cardiovascular system
organ system whose functional purpose is to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues and equalize body temperature
lymphatic system
organ system whose functional purpose is to return fluid to the blood and defend against pathogens
respiratory system
organ system whose functional purpose is to remove carbon dioxide from the body and deliver oxygen to the blood
digestive system
organ system whose functional purpose is to process food for use by the body and remove wastes from undigested food
urinary system
organ system whose functional purpose is to control water balance in the body and remove wastes from the blood out of the body (excreted)
male reproductive system
organ system whose functional purpose is to produce sex hormones and gametes and deliver gametes to the female
female reproductive system
organ system whose functional purpose is to produce sex hormones and gametes, support the embryo/fetus until birth, and produce milk for the infant
proximal
DIRECTION:
towards from the origin (limbs)
distal
DIRECTION:
away from the origin (limbs)
sagittal
vertical plane separating left and right (cross-section)
coronal
vertical plane separating front and back (cross-section)
transverse
horizontal plane (cross-section)
oblique
an angled plane (cross-section)
frontal
region of the forehead
cranial
region of the skull (top of head)
facial
region of the face
oral
region of the mouth
mental
region of the chin
axillary
region of the armpit
brachial
region of the upper arm
antecubital
region of the anterior elbow ("elbow-pit")
antebrachial
region of the forearm
carpal
region of the wrist
pollex
region of the thumb
palmar
region of the palm
phalangeal
region of the fingers
patellar
region of the kneecap
crural
region of the shin (anterior)
tarsus
region of the ankle
phalangeal
region of the toes
hallux
region of the big toe
orbital (ocular)
region of the eye
buccal
region of the cheek
otic
region of the ear
nasal
nose
cervical
region of the neck
thoracic
region of the chest (anterior)
mammary
region of the breast
abdominal
region of the abdomen
umbilical
region of the navel
coxal
region of the hip
pelvic
region of the pelvis
inguinal
region of the groin
pubic
region of the pubis (genitals?)
femoral
region of the upper leg
pedal
region of the foot (whole foot)
cephalic
region of the head (whole head)
acromial
region of the shoulder
dorsal
region of the upper back
olecranal
region of the elbow
lumbar
region of the mid-back
sacral
region of the lower back
manual
region of the whole hand
gluteal
region of the buttock (the butt...)
popliteal
region of the back of the knee ("knee-pit")
sural
region of the calf (posterior)
calacaneal
region of the heel (posterior foot)
plantar
region of the underfoot (inferior or distal foot)
dorsal body cavity
contains the most posterior cavities
ventral body cavity
contains the most anterior cavities
abdominopelvic cavity
cavity containing the abdominal and pelvic cavities, also separated into 4 quadrants
thoracic cavity
cavity containing the mediastinum, pleural and pericardial cavities
pelvic cavity
cavity containing the bladder and internal reproductive organs
pleural cavity
cavity containing the lungs
superior mediastinum
cavity containing the trachea, esophagus, and thymus
pericardial cavity
cavity containing the heart. Also , this cavity is technically part of the mediastinum, but NOT the "superior" mediastinum.
cranial cavity
cavity containing the brain
vertebral cavity
cavity containing the spinal cord
Right upper quadrant
contains the liver and gall bladder
Right lower quadrant
contains intestine, appendix, and bladder
Left upper quadrant
contains the stomach, spleen, and pancreas
left lower quadrant
contains the intestine and bladder ONLY.
mucous membrane
Tissue MEMBRANE TYPE that lines the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts. the “sticky areas of the body”
serous membrane
Tissue MEMBRANE TYPE that lines peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities
cutaneous membrane
Tissue MEMBRANE TYPE that makes up the outer skin
synovial membrane
Tissue MEMBRANE TYPE that lines cavities of the joints producing joint fluid.
visceral layer
layer nearest the organ
parietal layer
layer furthest from the organ (closest the cavity wall)
serous fluid
the contents of the serous membrane sac meant to reduce friction of organ movement
Note 
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