Chapter 9

Ligament

________: Tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place.

Sidewall

________: Also known as lateral nail fold; the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail.

Lunula

________: Visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin; it is the whitish, half- moon shape at the base of the nail.

Sudoiferous

________ (sweat) glands: The nail bed does not perspire.

Free edge

________: Part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe.

nail plate

Porous: The ________ allows water to pass throught it.

Keratin

________: fibrous protein found in the natural nail and is also found in skin and hair.

Firm

Healthy nail: ________, flexible, shiny surface, smooth, and unspotted with no wavy ridges, pits, or splits.

Hyponychium

________: Slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and free edge of the natural nail plate.

Thumb

________: nail growth is slower than all other nails.

Middle finger

________: nail growth is faster than all other nails.

Natural nail

________: Also known as onyx; the hard protective plate is composed mainly of keratin, the same fibrous protein found in skin and hair.

Lateral nail fold

________: Also known as the sidewall.

toenail matrix

The ________ is longer than the fingernail matrix.

Elderly adults

________: grow more slowly than adult or children's nails.

Nail beds

________: Live cells, so they do require oxygen, vitamins, and minerals.

Dead tissue

________: The cuticle adhered to the nail plate.

keratin

The ________ in natural nails is harder than the ________ in skin or hair.

bed epithelium

Thin layer of tissue that attaches the nail plate and the nail bed

eponymous

Living skin at the base of the natural nail plate that covers the matrix area

free edge

Part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe

hyponychium

Slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and free edge of the natural nail plate

ligament

Tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place

lunula

Visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin; it is the whitish, half-moon shape at the base of the nail

nail bed

Portion of the living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows toward the free edge

nail cuticle

Dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate

nail folds

Folds of normal skin that surround the natural nail plate

nail grooves

Slits or furrows on the sides of the sidewall

nail plate

Hardened keratin plate that sits on and covers the natural nail bed

natural nail

Also known as onyx; the hard protective plate is composed mainly of keratin, the same fibrous protein found in skin and hair

natural nail unit

Composed of the nail plate, nail bed, matrix cuticle, eponychium, hyponychium, specialized ligaments, and nail fold

sidewall

Also known as lateral nail fold; the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail

nail plates

What is made of dead cells so they do not require oxygen

nail beds

Live cells, so they do require oxygen, vitamins, and minerals

Healthy nail

Firm, flexible, shiny surface, smooth, and unspotted with no wavy ridges, pits, or splits

100 layers

How many layers of nail cells make up the nail plate

nerves, lymph, & blood vessels

What is contained in the matrix

lateral nail fold

Also known as the sidewall

What cosmetologists are permitted to do

gently push back the eponychium

children's nails

grow more rapidly than adult nails

elderly adults

grow more slowly than adult or children's nails

summer

nails grow faster

winter

nails grow slower

middle finger

nail growth is faster than all other nails

thumb

nail growth is slower than all other nails

When the shape of thickness of the nail plate can change

disease, injury or infection in matrix

keratin

fibrous protein found in the natural nail and is also found in skin and hair

Location of ligaments

The base of the matrix and around the wedges of the nail bed

living tissue

The eponychium grows up to the nail plate

dead tissue

The cuticle adhered to the nail plate

poor nail appearance

affected if an individual is in poor health, if a nail disorder or dsease is present, or it ther has been an injury to the matrix

true color of matrix

The lighter color of the lunula

integumentary system

The natural nail is part of this system

Appendage of the skin

The natural nail

cuticle remover

What removes the dead cuticle tissue

sudoiferous (sweat) glands

The nail bed does not perspire

matrix cells

What forms the nail plate

porous

The nail plate allows water to pass throught it