Equine Diseases — Breed Predispositions and Viral Diseases (Page 106)

Vocabulary flashcards covering breed predispositions for various equine diseases and the key viral diseases described on page 106.

Cats cancer prognosis vs dogs

Cats have a much better prognosis due to a lower rate of metastasis; survival of 12 months or more, compared with dogs which typically live 3–4 months due to metastasis to the lungs.

Sarcoid

Most common equine skin tumor with breed predisposition in Quarter Horses.

Melanoma

Common tumor in gray horses; breed predisposition in gray horses.

Cerebellar abiotrophy

Genetic cerebellar degeneration; predisposed breeds include Arabian, Oldenburg, and Gotland.

Ruptured prepubic tendon

Tendon rupture syndrome occurring in obese draft mares in late pregnancy.

Enteroliths

Mineral concretions in the intestinal tract; breed predisposition Arabians.

Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HYPP)

Genetic muscle disorder in Quarter Horses, Paints, and Appaloosas; episodes of weakness related to potassium levels.

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)

Immunodeficiency disease in Arabian foals.

Exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH)

Bleeding from the lungs during intense exercise; predisposition Thoroughbreds.

Equine recurrent uveitis / equine night blindness

Recurrent inflammatory disease of the uveal tract; predisposition Appaloosas.

Dandy-Walker syndrome

Cerebellar malformation; predisposition Arabians and Thoroughbreds.

Small colon impactions

Impediment/impaction of the small colon; predisposition Miniature horses.

Lethal white syndrome

Congenital intestinal disorder causing obstruction; predisposition Arabians.

Equine infectious anemia (EIA)

Retrovirus transmitted by Tabanidae flies; signs include abortion, anemia, weight loss, intermittent fevers, pale mucous membranes; diagnosed by serology (ELISA) with confirmation by Coggin’s (AGID) test; isolation and supportive care.

Coggin’s test (agar immunodiffusion)

Laboratory test to detect antibodies against the EIA retrovirus; used to confirm ELISA results; important for diagnosis and management.

Equine herpes virus-1 (EHV-1)

Causes respiratory disease in foals and abortion in mares; transmitted via aerosols; abortion storms commonly occur late in pregnancy; vaccination at 5, 7, and 9 months can decrease abortion risk; myeloencephalitis is a rare CNS manifestation.

Myeloencephalitis (EHV-1 related)

Neurologic disease caused by EHV-1 with CNS signs; rare compared to respiratory/abortive forms.

Equine herpes virus-3 (EHV-3)

Causes coital exanthema (venereal disease) in horses.