Chapter 4: File Servers and Storage Management in Windows Server

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from Windows Server 2019 file servers and storage management.

Volume

A usable area of space on one or more physical disks, formatted with a file system.

File system

The method Windows uses to organize and store data on a volume (e.g., NTFS, ReFS, FAT).

FAT

File Allocation Table; a basic file system type supported by Windows Server.

FAT32

A FAT variant with limits; supports smaller files/partitions.

exFAT

Extended File Allocation Table; file system for large removable media.

NTFS

New Technology File System; Windows' primary file system with advanced features.

ReFS

Resilient File System; scalable, data-integrity-focused file system with fixed 64 KB blocks.

64 KB allocation unit

ReFS uses a fixed 64 KB allocation unit size.

Basic disk

A disk initialized for simple storage with partitions; default state.

Dynamic disk

A disk initialized for dynamic storage enabling dynamic volumes and fault tolerance.

Simple volume

A basic dynamic volume on a single disk.

Spanned volume

Dynamic volume that combines space from multiple disks into one volume.

Striped volume

Dynamic volume that writes data across disks to improve performance.

Mirrored volume

Dynamic volume that duplicates data on two disks for fault tolerance.

RAID-5 volume

Dynamic volume using parity across multiple disks for fault tolerance.

System volume

Volume containing hardware-specific OS startup files (Bootmgr, BOOTSECT.bak).

Boot volume

Volume containing Windows OS files in %SystemRoot% and %SystemRoot%\System32.

FSRM

File Server Resource Manager; manages quotas, screening, reports, and data classification.

Quota Management

FSRM feature to limit space usage by users or groups.

File Screening Management

FSRM feature to filter or block specified file types.

Storage Spaces

Virtual disks created from a storage pool; abstracts physical disks.

Storage pool

Collection of physical disks that can be used to create one or more virtual disks.

Virtual disk

A logical disk created from a storage pool; akin to a LUN.

Storage Spaces Direct

Feature for highly available storage using local disks without shared storage fabric.

Data Deduplication

Process of identifying and removing duplicate data chunks to save space.

Chunk store

Central repository of unique data chunks used by deduplication.

Deduplication components

Filter driver, deduplication service, and garbage collection.

iSCSI

TCP/IP-based storage networking protocol enabling block-level storage over a network.

iSCSI initiator

Windows software that connects to iSCSI targets.

iSCSI target

Storage resource exposed for iSCSI connections.

MCS

Multiple Connected Session; technique for redundancy in iSCSI connections.

MPIO

Multipath I/O; provides multiple paths to storage for fault tolerance.

SMB

Server Message Block; network file sharing protocol.

NFS

Network File System; UNIX-originated sharing protocol supported by Windows.

CSV

Cluster Shared Volumes; allow multiple cluster nodes to access a volume.

EFS

Encrypting File System; Windows file encryption; not supported on ReFS.

BitLocker

Full-disk encryption feature in Windows.

VSS

Volume Shadow Copy Service; provides snapshots/backups for SMB shares.