Unit 3: Federalism

inherent powers

Powers the Constitution is presumed to have delegated to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community

expressed powers

powers directly stated in the constitution

reserved powers

Powers not specifically granted to the federal government or denied to the states belong to the states and the people

concurrent powers

Powers held jointly by the national and state governments

implied powers

Powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution

delegated powers

Powers specifically given to the federal government by the US Constitution, for example, the authority to print money

exclusive powers

Those powers that can be exercised by the National Government alone

Federalism

A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments

Extradition

A legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed

Privileges and Immunities Clause

prevents a state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner

act of admission

a congressional act admitting a new state to the union

Interstate Commerce Act

Established this and creates a system for states to make agreements between each other

Supremacy Clause

Article VI of the Constitution, which makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties supreme over state laws when the national government is acting within its constitutional limits

Enabling Act

A congressional act directing the people of a United States territory to frame a proposed State constitution as a step towards admission to the Union

block grants

federal grants-in-aid that allow states considerable discretion in how the funds are spent

categorical grants

federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport

project grants

federal categorical grants given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of applications