secfo test.. unit 14+

intelligence cycle

the process of tasking, collecting, processing, analyzing, and disseminating intelligence

four critical sources for gathering intelligence in defending US bases and its interests

human, signals, image and open-source intelligence

human intelligence (HUMINT)

intelligence gathered by means of interpersonal contact . A category of intelligence derived from information collected and provided by human sources. HCTS collect information about people and their associated documents and media sources to identify elements, intentions, capability strength, disposition, tactics and equipment

Signals intelligence (SIGNINT)

involves collecting foreign intelligence from communications and information systems and providing it to customers across the U.S government

The national security Agency (NSA)

the lead agency for collecting signals intelligence. Is responsible for providing foreign signals intelligence (SIGINT) to our nations policymakers and military forces. The information is used to help protect our troops, support our allies fight terrorism, combat international crime and narcrotics, support diplmatic negotiations, and advance many other important national objectives.

what sources is SIGINT gathered from?

foreign communications, radar, and electronic systems

Imagery (IMINT)

includes representation of objects reproduced electronically or by optical means on film, electronic display devices or other media.

where can imagery be derived from?

visual photography, radar sensors,infrared sensors, lasers, and electro-optics

where is Image intelligence (IMINT) obtained from?

obtained from the electro-optical and infrared sensors and from synthetic aperture radars (SAR), possibly capable of detecting moving targets

open source intelligence (OSINT)

utilizes information that is openly available to all. The world overflows with information, facts and figures, writing and descriptiptions, pictures, videos and audio recordings. Some of it is secured or classified.

OSINT process

Discovery, discrimination, distillation, dissemination

discovery

open-source data, a complex field of primary reference sources photographs, images, documents, audio and video recordings satellite images, oral debriefing, etc

discrimination

open-source informations secondary raw data emerged and appropriately filtered by OSD data analysis. generally consisit of raw data that can be agglomerated, usually with an editing process

distillation

OSINT information derived from a voluntary process of analysis, filtering, distillation, and dissemination to a specific selected category. Designed to meet particular information needs, using their own intelligence processes ex) an article from an online newspaper is used yo support a military operation.

dissemination

validated open-source intelligence (OSINT-V) is information to which a high degree of certainty has been atributed

integrated defense (ID)

bridges the gap between peace time and wartime actions to protect the force, Provides all personnel with the necessary tools to determine how to mitigate risk to their assets. Each commander should be capable of applying tailored, risk and effects-based security planning after thorough analysis of the operational environment and available resources. some assets remain secured in accordance with higher headquarters directives such as nuclear weapons, arms, ammunition, and explosives (AAGE)

classified operation

Occurs during all facets of DAF operations, from normal peacetime activities through crisis development and contingency operations. Also makes no distinction between CONUS and OCONUS garrison or deployed locations

ID (integated defense)

is the incorporation of multidiscplinary active and passive, offensive and defensive capabilities

the goal of ID

employed to mitigate potential risks to DAF, joint, and coalition operations withing the base boundary (BB) and the base security zone (BSZ) in order to ensure mission accomplishment. The formal decision-making process used to support ID is the intgerated Defense management process (IDRMP) whereby the commander manages risks based upon the association of the criticality of assigned assets and associated systems, a comprehensive analysis of the threat, and the respective vulnerabilities to those assets and associated systems

integrated defense risk management process (IDRMP)

the formal decision-making process used to support ID

ID considerations

threats include, but are not limited to, terrorists, insders, foreign intelligence entities (FIES), and criminals

Level 1 threat

threats include enemy agents and terrorists whose primary missions include espionage, sabotage and subversion

level 2 threats

threats include small, sale, irregular forces conducting unconventional warfare that can pose serious threats to military forces and civilians

level 3 threats

threats have the capability of projecting combat power by air, land or sea anywhere into the operational area

protection and defense of air bases requires the coordination effort of:

Integrated defense (ID)

EM

Emergency managment

AT

anti-terrorism

CARM

critical asset risk managment

COOP

continuity of operations

theatres of operation

ID is conducted worldwide, and commanders adapt to a variety of operational requirements. Regardless of location forces conducting ID employ the basic tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) as those employed at home station during normal peacetime operations; however ID forces adjust TTPs to counter evolving enemy tactics. Adjustments to TTPs should be based on the specific threat the dynamics of operating in an international environment, or the manner ID efforts are integrated with joint, civilian and host nation forces.

what other programs does ID stand with?

ID, EM, AT, CARM, COOP, Force health protection, cybesecurity, and other mission support function forces under the Mission assurance (MA) umbrella

Integrated defense council (IDC)

identifies units and personnel specifically tasked with ID responsibilities and defines their roles in the IDP ID force personnel tasked in the IDP typically fall into one of several categories

SF armed SF augmentees

Authorized unit marshal Porgram personnel

organized, trained, and equipped

12 hour shifts'

installation commanders

SF units are——-, ————--, and———- for 8 hour duty schedule.Associated post time (arming, guard mount, report completion, weapons turn-in, etc) extends the normal duty day to approximately 10 hours. For ID forces in schedules with ——- hour shifts or considering —— hour shifts for a prolonged period of time (in excess of 30 calendar days), ——————— will be the approval authority

installation commanders

_____will be briefed on associated risks and presented possible courses of action (COA) to mitigate risks associated with extended shifts

Defense Force commander (DFC)

serves as the installation comanders primary advisor for ID

Squadron commander

On AF installations, the SF__________ is the DFC.

DFC

On installations with more than one SF squadron, the _______ is the SF commander responsible for installation secuirty.

DFC”s

The _______ tactical role serves to ensure unity of effort, command and control defense forces, cohesive communication, and deconfliction of issues, including fires, to lessen the likelihood of fratricide.

Threats

May include conventional military units, special forces, foreign intelligence agents and services, terrorist groups, aggresive civil populations, criminal elements, extremist groups, insider threats operating in and across multiple domains. The enemy may use weapons such as improvised explosive devices (IED), vehicle borne IEDs, mortars, rockets, man portable air defense systems computer viruses, CBRN Material and agents, explosive ordinance, small arms

Threat levels

JP 3-10 Joint security operations in Theatre lists three levels of threat which require security responses to counter them

Level 1 threats

include enemy agents and terrorists whose primary missions include espionage, sabotage and subversion

-Agents

-saboteurs

-Sympathizers

-terrorists

-civil disturbances

tactics may inlcude random or directed killing of military and civilian personnel, kidnapping, and guiding special purpose individuals or teaks to targets, IDF must be capable of countering these threats

IDF Integrated defense force

Must be capable of countering level 1 threat and level 2 threats

Level 2 threats

include small scale forces conducting irregular warfare that can pose serious threats to military forces and civilians

-small tactical units

-unconventional warfare forces

-guerillas

-standoff weapon threats

these forces are capable of conducting well-coordinated, small scale, hit and run attacks, IED and VBIED attacks, ambushes, and may include significant standoff weapons threats such as rockets, mortars, rocket propelled grenades (RPG), and surface to air missiles. These attacks can cause significant disruptions to military operations as well as to the orderly conduct of local governments and services. Integrated Defense Forces must be capable of deterring and defeating these threats

level 3 threats

may be encountered when an enemy has the capability to project combat power by air, land, sea, or space anywhere into the operational area.

-Large tactical force operations

-Airbone

-Heliborne

-amphibious

-infiltration

-air and space operations

May involve infiltration operations involving large numbers of individuals or small groups infiltrated into the operational area and committed against friendly targets. Air and missile threats to bases, base clusters, lines of communication, and civilian targets may also pose risks to joint forces, presenting themselves with little warning time.

level 3 threats

these threats are beyond the capability of base and base cluster security forces and can only be effectively countered by a tactical combat force or other significant force.

terrorism

the calculated use of violence to instill fear and is intended to coerce or intimidate governments or societies. Pursue goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological. Often planned to attract widespread publicity and are designed focus attention on the existence cause, or demands of the terrorists. Also planned to erode publics confidence in the ability of a government to protect and govern the people

hierchical terrorism

well-defined verticsl chain of command and responsibility and has well-established command and support structure. Hierchical organizations feature greater specialization of functions in their subordinate cells (support, operations, intelligence ex) red army faction in Germany, Red brigades in Italy, provision Irish Republican Army (IRA) and weather underground

networked structure

unlike hierachies, networks distribute authority and responsibility throughout an organization, often creating redundant key functions. To be effective networks require a unifying idea, concern, goal, or ideology. without a unifier, networks may take actions that are counterproductive. General goals and targets are announced and individuals or cells with redundant capabilities are expected to use flexibility and initiative to conduct necessary actions.

lone terrorist

compared with a typical networked or hierarchical terrorist organization, the ________ is often the hardest to detect. Tactics are concieved entirely on their own without any direction from a terrorist commander. Typically the __________ shares an ideological and symphatic identification with an extremist organization and its goals but does not communicate their terroristic plans or actions with any group.

ethnocentric

groups of this persuasion see race or ethnicity as the defining characteristic of a society, and therefore a basis of cohesion.

Nationalistic

Loyalty and devotion to a nation-state, and the national consiousness derived from placing one nations culture and interest above those of other nations or groups is the motivating factor behind these groups.

revolutionary

dedicated to the overthrow of an established order and replacing it wirh a new political or social structure

separist

The goal of separation from existing entities through independence, political autonomy, or religious freedom, or domination

political

ideologies concerned with the structure and organization of the forms of government and communities

religious

terrorists see their ultimate objectives as divinely sanctioned, and therefore infallible and non-negotiable

social

Social policies or issues will be so contentious that they will incite extremist behavior and terrorism. Refers to as “single-issue” or “special interest” terrorism.

domestic or indigenous

“home-grown” terrorists that typically operate within and against their home country. Frequently tied to extreme political, religious, or social factions within a particular society and focus their efforts specifically on their nations sociopolitical arena.

International

describe the support and operational reach of group. Typically operates in multiple countries but retain but retain a geographic focus for their activities. Ex) Hezbollahhas cells worldwide and has conducted operations in multiple countries but is primarily concerned with events in lebanon and Israel.

Transnational

operate internationally but are not tied to a particular country or even a region. Their objectives affect dozens of countries with differing political systems, religions, ethnic compositions, and national interests. AL-Qaeda is ________, being made up of many nationalities, based out of multiple countries simultaneously and conducting operations throughout the world.