Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts introduced in the lecture on Kant's 'Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics', focusing on philosophy, metaphysics, and essential distinctions between types of judgment.

Metaphysics

A branch of philosophy that explores the nature of reality, including concepts such as being, existence, and the universe.

Synthetic Judgment

A judgment that adds something to the concept of the subject and is not analytically contained within it.

Analytic Judgment

A judgment where the predicate is contained within the subject's concept and does not add new information.

a priori

Knowledge or justification that is independent of experience.

a posteriori

Knowledge or justification that is dependent on experience.

Principle of Contradiction

A fundamental principle stating that contradictory propositions cannot both be true in the same sense at the same time.

Pure Reason

The faculty of the mind that allows for knowledge independent of sensory experience.

David Hume

An empiricist philosopher known for his skepticism regarding human understanding and the limits of reason.

Epistemology

The study of knowledge, its nature, sources, and limits.

Critical Philosophy

A philosophical approach that critiques the limitations and foundations of knowledge, particularly regarding metaphysics.

Causality

The relationship between cause and effect; a key concept in both metaphysics and science.

Empirical Psychology

The study of the mind and behavior based on observation and experience rather than theory.

Kant's Dilemma

The philosophical inquiry regarding how synthetic a priori judgments are possible.

Hume's Skepticism

The philosophical position that human understanding is limited, particularly regarding knowledge of cause and effect.

Transcendental Philosophy

A branch of philosophy that seeks to determine the conditions of possibility for experience and knowledge.

Scholasticism

A medieval school of philosophy that emphasized critical analysis and a systematic approach.

Philosophical Cognition

The kind of knowledge or understanding that is developed through philosophical inquiry.

Prolegomena

Preliminary remarks or introductory tones that guide a particular study, especially in philosophy.