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Omar Bradley was detained after correctly stating that the capital of Illinois was Springfield.
Battle of the Bulge
Joachim Peiper executed a group of American POWs during this battle’s Malmedy Massacre.
Battle of the Bulge
When asked to surrender during this battle, an American general defending Bastogne responded “Nuts!”
Battle of the Bulge
This battle saw Otto Skorzeny impersonating American troops
Battle of the Bulge
After this battle, the losing side retreated to the Siegfried Line
Battle of the Bulge
Three weeks prior to this battle, its losing commander had defeated Harald Hardrada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge
Battle of Hastings
A scene depicting this battle is the culmination of the Bayeux Tapestry
Battle of Hastings
This battle occurred at Senlac Hill
Battle of Hastings
Retreating huscarls in this battle made a failed, last ditch stand in the Malfosse, wounding Eustace of Boulogne
Battle of Hastings
Depictions of this battle show the leader of the losing side being killed by an arrow to the eye
Battle of Hastings
The winning side's commander claimed to be the rightful successor to Edward the Confessor
Battle of Hastings
A series of catastrophic riots in this city were caused by conflicts between fans of rival chariot racing teams
Constantinople
Protected by the Theodosian Walls
Constantinople
The Council of Nicaea was hosted under this emperor
Constantine I
This emperor mandated for his soldiers to have the chi-rho sign on their shields after attributing a vision of a cross reading
The first ruler of this name issued the Edict of (*) Milan
Constantine
This city used a giant chain connected to the Old Galata Tower to prevent ships from accessing the Golden (*) Horn
Constantinople
1453 siege led by Mehmed II
Constantinople
One action in this city was performed by Hussite followers of Jan Zizka, while another happened in 1618 and started the Thirty Years War
Prague
One 1968 event in this city saw a Soviet invasion end the “Socialism with a human face”
Prague
The Estates General was converted to a National Assembly during this event
French Revolution
This violent event followed the signing of the Tennis Court Oath by the Third Estate
Storming of the Bastille
Only seven prisoners were actually freed during this event, after which the Jacobin movement was formed
Storming of the Bastille
Georges Lefebvre divided this event into “aristocratic,” “bourgeois,” and “popular” phases in its Marxist interpretation
French Revolution
After this disaster, Louis Sullivan designed the Auditorium Building in the affected city.
Great Chicago Fire
The Palmer House was destroyed in this event, but the Water Tower was spared
Great Chicago Fire
This disaster began on De Koven Street after Catherine O’Leary’s cow supposedly kicked over a lantern
Great Chicago Fire
Labor laws were tightened after a 1911 one of these events killed 146 garment workers in New York City
Fire
Oskar Potiorek encouraged rioting after this event, whose participants were sentenced to death in the Salonika Trial
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
One participant in this event failed to kill himself after ingesting expired cyanide and jumping into a river 13 centimeters deep
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The July Ultimatum was issued after this event, which was planned by the Black Hand and carried out by Gavrilo Princip
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Leopold Lojka accidentally took a wrong turn before this event, which allowed a man sitting outside a deli to shoot an Austrian Archduke
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Nedeljko Cabrinovic tried to accomplish this act with a bombing earlier in the day
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
During this event Duchess Sophie was killed
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The conspirators in this event were coordinated by Danilo Ilic
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
This action, which was meant to cause the secession of a certain nation’s south-Slav provinces, killed Duchess Sophie
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Peter Fechter bled to death at this structure as guards threatened to shoot potential helpers
Berlin Wall
Lucius Clay organized Operation Vittles to deliver supplies to a portion of this city
Berlin
Checkpoint Charlie was the best-known location for crossing a structure in this city
Berlin
A two-year Soviet blockade of this city was countered by its namesake “Airlift”
Berlin
Ronald Regan asked Mikhail Gorbachev to “tear down” a structure in this city
Berlin
Gail Halvorsen dropped candy to children in this city during an event that ended a blockade by the Soviets
Berlin
Deterrents placed in this location were nicknamed “asparagus beds” or “Stalin’s carpet”
Berlin Wall
The official name for this structure was the “antifascist protective rampart”
Berlin Wall
The Carneia festival prevented some troops from helping in this battle, so Miltiades devised the winning strategy in this battle without Spartan help
Battle of Marathon
The exile Hippias advised the losing side in this battle, whose men panicked and ran into swamps
Battle of Marathon
The winning general of this battle, Miltiades organized troops to defend the only two paths off the beach, then ordered a devastating phalanx assault
Battle of Marathon
The Khorasan and Kufah gates were entrances to this city founded by al-Mansur
Baghdad
Al-Musta’sim, a ruler of this city, was wrapped in a rug and trampled to death by Mongol horses
Baghdad
Al-Khwarizmi worked at a library founded by Harun al-Rashid in this city
Baghdad
The Tigris River supposedly ran black with ink after the House of Wisdom was destroyed during Hulagu Khan’s sack of this city
Baghdad
Anna Anderson was one of several women who claimed to be a missing princess from this country based on the myth that she escaped her family’s killing
Russian Empire
After this country’s October Revolution brought the Bolsheviks to power, its monarchy ended with the execution of Anastasia, Nicholas II, and other members of the Romanov family
Russian Empire
This country established a capital on the Neva River after seizing land from Sweden during the Great Northern War
Russian Empire
When this country was denied use of the Suez Canal in 1904, it launched a months-long journey around Africa to reinforce its Pacific Fleet
Russian Empire
In 1848, St. Michael's Cathedral was built in this country's colonial town of Sitka
Russian Empire
This country had its Jews move to the Pale of Settlement
Russian Empire
Prince Bagration died during an invasion of this country at the Battle of Borodino
Russian Empire
This politician requested that James K. Polk specify the “spot” where Mexicans spilled blood on American soil in his “Spot Resolutions.”
Lincoln
In his Cooper Union address, this politician affirmed his opposition to expansion of slavery
Lincoln
During this man’s senate campaign, he stated that “a house divided against itself cannot stand”
Lincoln
This man claimed that “John Brown is no Republican” during a speech at Cooper Union
Lincoln
He spoke out against the Kansas-Nebraska Act while in Peoria
Lincoln
He engaged in a series of debates with Stephen Douglas
Lincoln
Charles Mangin recaptured Fort Vaux and Douaument in the First Offensive Battle at this location
Verdun
General Robert Nivelle, who ordered that "They shall not pass" during this battle
Verdun
One of these conflicts saw a swing in momentum when General Joseph Joffre swung his forces around and attacked an exposed flank, creating a 30-mile gap between the German First and Second Armies
(Battles of) The Marne
Erich Ludendorff followed the Spring Offensive with what became the final German offensive in the second of these World War One battles
(Battles of) The Marne
The arrival of reinforcements in taxicabs from Paris led to the defeat of the Schlieffen Plan in one of these battles
(Battles of) The Marne
Fighting began at this battle when the Sixth Army clashed with the IV Reserve Corps at the Ourcq River
(1st battle of) The Marne
Alexander von Kluck disobeyed orders during this battle by charging straight into Charles Lanrezac’s division
(1st battle of) The Marne
Joseph Galleani ordered taxi drivers to ferry soldiers to and from this battle
(1st battle of) The Marne
This battle began when Cordt von Brandis captured Fort Douaumont
Verdun
The goal of this battle was to bleed one side white according to one side’s commander, Erich von Falkenhayn
Verdun
The Brusilov Offensive and the Battle of the Somme relieved one side in this battle
Verdun
Côte 304 was the site of an offensive during this battle, where supplies were transported along the Sacred Way
Verdun
In addition to a battle that saw fighting on Dead Man’s Hill and Hill 304, this city names a treaty dividing land between Charlemagne’s grandsons
Verdun
The so-called “Lion” of this battle was future Vichy leader Phillippe Pétain
Verdun
At this battle, the largest defensive structure was captured by a group of less than one hundred men on its first day because it had been judged that the development of massive siege howitzers made it obsolete
Verdun
This battle was initiated by German Supreme Commander Erich von Falkenhayn solely to inflict French casualties
Verdun
Ten new railways were built to accommodate the supplies required by one side of this battle
Verdun
During this battle, German forces under Erich von Falkenhayn hoped to crush the opposing forces in a “meat-grinder” effect inside an old Roman fort
Verdun
One side in this battle saw almost 20,000 of its troops die on its first day, despite preceding its attack with seven days of bombardment
The Somme
A silent film titled for this battle was the first feature-length war documentary
The Somme
Twenty-three Mark Ones made it to the front in this battle, marking the first use of tanks
The Somme
Another offensive that began before this battle pressed its leaders into instigating it on July 1st instead of August 1st
The Somme
The fortified town of Beaumont-Hamel was a major center of this battle
The Somme
At Hawthorne Ridge, Geoffrey Malins filmed footage of the first mine to go off at this battle
The Somme
Republican from Ohio, Hillbilly Elegy, working-class Appalachia, Yale
JD Vance
Democrat from Arizona, Ex-Astronaut, Married to Gabby Giffords, founded gun safety group, Ex-Navy
Mark Kelly
Republican from South Dakota, Former Senate Majority Whip, Agriculture and Transport Infrastructure
John Thune
Democrat from New York, Senate Majority leader in 2021, first Jew to lead a major senate party, former NY representative, Healthcare reform and economic policies
Chuck Schumer
Republican from Kentucky, Former Senate Majority leader from 2015-2021, known for confirming 3 Supreme Court Judges and conservative legislature
Mitch McConnell
Democrat from Pennsylvania, former Lieutenant Governor, known for legalizing marijuana, distinctive appearance, and reforming the criminal justice system
John Fetterman
Democrat from New Jersey, first African American mayor of Newark, known for Social Justice, Yale
Cory Booker
2nd African American SC justice, appointed by Bush Sr. in 1991, known for conservative views, Harlan Crow scandal
Clarence Thomas
Governor of California, Former mayor of San Francisco, Democrat known for Healthcare, Climate activism, and LGBTQ rights
Gavin Newsom
Governor of New York, first woman in NY history, former NY representative, known for women’s rights, affordable housing, and public healthcare
Kathy Hochul
Mayor of NYC, Democrat, first African American mayor of NYC, former NYPD officer, advocate for Criminal Justice reform and public safety
Eric Adams
SC Cheif Justice, conservative but occasionally swings, upheld Affordable Care Act (Obamacare, 2012), voting rights, abortion, balance of power
John Roberts