Ap human all the terms and stuff

all the terms

State

a country with permanent population, defined political borders, and recognized by others as a state by a state

Nation

Group of people with the following in common, cultural heritage, homeland, unified beliefs

stateless nation

a nation who does not have their own independent state like the Kurds

Multinational state

A state with two or more nations like France usa

Nation state

A state with a single nation like japan

Multi state nations

a nation living across states like Russia Korea or the Kurds

Berlin conference

when European powers gathered to draw borders in africa for power without regard to cultural and ethnic divisions

3 chokepoints

strait or Hormuz , Panama Canal, Morocco strait

3 shatterbelts

ukraine/russia, us/venzeula, china/taiwan

Define chokepoint

a strategic passageway that provides passage through or to another region

Define shatterbelt

a region under constant stress, frequent instability, and caught between stronger colliding external forces

12 miles

exclusive sea of state, only that state has a right to these waters

200 miles

exclusive economic zone only that sate can make money here

Federal government

power is shared between the central government and regional governments like the us and Germany

Unitary government

Centralized power, most decisions are made by the national government like japan or France

Two pros of federal

Efficiently in decision making and checks on power and stability

2 pros of unitary

Efficient for small or culturally homogenous states and national unity through consistent laws and policies

2 cons of unitary

may neglect regional needs and risk of neutralized with could to dependence and tyranny

2 cons of federal

Takes longer to implement national policies due to regional conflicts and allows for significant differences in services and economic conditions, creating unfair advantages or disadvantages for citizens

Irredentism

political movement or policy where a state claims territory in another country because its people share historical, cultural, or ethnic ties

Irredentism in relation to Russia/ukraine war

To unite and reclaim ethnic Russians and territory that they say belong to the state of Russia

Centripetal forces that unite a country

stable economy, shared language

Centrifugal forces that divide a country

unstable economy, different languages

Neocolonialism

the use of economic, cultural, and political power to gain indirect power over another territory

Census

every ten years we recount the population

Reapportionment

after recounting the population we distribute the house seats to each state, there’s 435 and they get distributed to 50 states

Redistricting with gerrymandering

Making districts and drawing boundaries to give one political party an advantage over the other

Electoral college

the process of by which the United States elects its president and vice president through electors

Antecedent

made before significant permanent populations

Subsequent

developed alongside cultural landscapes

Consequent

drawn in relation to cultural or ethnic divisions

Superimposed

boundaries made my external forces without regard to ethnic and cultural divisions

Relic

not used but still visible