Joints

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to joints, their classifications, and common disorders associated with them.

Joint

A site where two or more bones meet, providing mobility and stability to the skeleton.

Fibrous Joint

A structural classification of joint united by fibers, with no joint cavity (e.g., sutures in the skull).

Cartilaginous Joint

A structural classification of joint united by cartilage, with no joint cavity (e.g., pubic symphysis).

Synovial Joint

A structural classification of joint characterized by a synovial cavity, allowing for free movement (e.g., hip joint).

Synarthrosis

A functional classification of joint that is immovable (e.g., sutures of the skull).

Amphiarthrosis

A functional classification of joint that is slightly movable (e.g., intervertebral joints).

Diarthrosis

A functional classification of joint that is freely movable (e.g., shoulder joint).

Articular Cartilage

A thin layer of hyaline cartilage on the ends of articulating bones, providing cushioning and reducing friction.

Synovial Fluid

A clear, viscous fluid secreted by the synovial membrane for lubrication and nourishment of the joint.

Meniscus

A crescent-shaped cartilage found in some synovial joints that acts as a shock absorber.

Bursa

Fluid-filled sacs that cushion and aid movement of tendons within a synovial joint.

Bursitis

Inflammation of a bursa, typically caused by a blow or friction.

Knee Joint

The largest and most complex joint of the body, consisting of three joints (femoropatellar and lateral and medial tibiofemoral joints) within one cavity.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

An inflammatory condition that begins with synovitis and leads to joint damage, often treated with anti-inflammatory drugs.

Osteoarthritis

A degenerative joint disease associated with aging, causing pain and stiffness, commonly treated with lifestyle changes and pain relievers.

Gouty Arthritis

A type of arthritis characterized by the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints, leading to inflammation.

Tendonitis

Inflammation of tendon sheaths, typically caused by overuse, with symptoms similar to bursitis.

Sprain

Injury to ligaments caused by overstretching or tearing.

Strain

Injury to muscles or tendons caused by overstretching.