Components

4 Main tasks of electronic components in an avionics system

Control current, store energy, switch signals, and shape electrical behavior.

3 Ways a technician must recognize components

Schematic symbols, physical boards, and failure conditions.

Core function of a Resistor (R)

Limits current flow and reduces voltage in a circuit.

Resistor core key idea analogy

"Slows electricity down"

List 3 physical failure signs of a damaged resistor

Burnt/blackened body, cracked casing, and discoloration.

Core function of a Capacitor (C)

Stores electrical energy temporarily and smooths voltage fluctuations.

Capacitor core key idea analogy

"Electrical short-term storage tank"

List 3 physical failure signs of a damaged capacitor

Bulging top, leaking fluid, and physical swelling.

Core function of an Inductor (L)

Stores energy in a magnetic field and resists changes in current.

Inductor core key idea analogy

"Fights sudden changes in current"

List 2 physical failure signs of a damaged inductor

Overheating discoloration and melted insulation.

Core function of a Diode

Allows electrical current to flow in only ONE direction.

Diode core key idea analogy

"Electrical one-way valve"

List 2 functional failure states of a diode

Shorted (current flows both ways) or open circuit (no current flows).

Core function of a Transistor

Acts as an electronic switch or amplifier by controlling a large current with a small signal.

Transistor core key idea analogy

"Electrical gate controlled by a signal"

List 3 failure signs of a damaged transistor

Cracked casing, overheated/burnt package, or system stuck permanently ON or OFF.