Islamic Arts - Japanese Arts

Islamic Arts

The art of the Mohammedan countries like North Africa, Iraq, Iran, and many more.

Mohammed

He claims to be Allah.

Mecca

Muslims believed it as the holiest city in the Islam religion, in Saudi Arabia.

Hajj

What is the pilgrimage to Mecca called?

Calligraphy

An art form that base on Koranic writings.

Carpet

It is an art object used for covering floors, wall decorations, and also use for praying.

Muslim Carpet

It is usually made of sheep, wool, goat's or camel's hair.

Repousse

Muslim embosed metalwork style.

Tin-glazed Pottery

Produced in Egypt & Iraq were influenced by the Chinese white and porcelain stoneware.

Lustreware

Is a type of pottery with an overglazed finish containing copper and silver, etc., that gives iridesecence effect.

Sgrafitto ware

A type of art method by scratching the surface of the object for decoration purposes.

Moorish Architecture

Characterized by building of large mosques & elaborate fortress palaces.

Balance & symmetry

The Moorish architecture's concept of perfection.

Mosque

Masjid 'a place to prostrate'

Jami Madsjid

A neighborhood mosque, or big mosque.

Sahn

Courtyard of a mosque

Haram

Covered area in front of qibla wall

Mihrab

A niche oriented towards Mecca

Dikka

Muslim reading desk

Masqura

A screen in a mosque

Minbar

A raised platform for ceremonial announcements in a mosque.

Iwan

Also called Ivan, an open-fronted vault facing a court.

Minaret

Is a tower of a mosque, which calls to pray

Qibla wall

An axis oriented to Mecca.

Bab

A mosque gateway

Musalla

The central area for prayer is called a (literally place for prayer)

Harem

Women's or private chamber of a house or palace

Selamlik

A mosque's men or guest area.

Dome of the Rock

It is in the Jerusalem where they believed the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven. It is characterized by multi-patterned ceramic exterior facings, octagonal in structure w/ a glittering dome.

Dome of the Rock

The oldest Islamic monument, in the land of Moriah.

Mecca

Ka-aba, a different stone altar of Ismael and Abram.

Great mosque of Cordoba

It is built in Spain, that is known for its double arcaded prayer hall, in which the lower arches are of horseshoe form, & have voussoirs of white and red bricks.

Taj Mahal

It is in India, a mosoleum built for the emperor's wife, Arjumand Banu Begum, or known as Mumtaz Mahal. (chosen of the palace)

Great Mosque

Is the largest mosque ever built in Iraq, having a cone-shaped minaret that is encirled by an outer ramp on the form of a spiral.

Alahambra

A place in Spain which is richly decorated and elaborated palace/ fortress.

Mudejar Architecture

It is a spanish style that florished in 13th-16th c, Christians working with Muslim traditions, characterized by Romanesque & Gothic w/ Islamic elements.

Ottoman Architecture

14th century Islamic architecture influenced by the Byzantine designs.

Middle Kingdom

China is known for this because they thought to be the center of the universe.

Shang Dynasty

The Bronze period of China, manufacturing metal using clay models. This dynasty also brought order/rule over warring states.

Qin Dynasty

Reigned by the Emperor Shi Huangdi, the first emperor and divine ruler.

Terra Cotta Warriors

A 3000 life-size foot soldier buried in the tomb of Qin.

Tang Dynasty

Golden age of Chinese arts.

Porcelain

A ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in the form, of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between 1,200 celcius - 1,400 celcius.

Blue & white wares

Are glazed using a transparent porcelain glaze. It has a blue decoration painted on it before glazing.

Blanc de Chine

Is a type of white porcelain made at Dehua in the Fujian province. Produced since the Ming dynasty.

Jade

Is a stone, may be greenish to white, that symbols vitality and authority.

Jade cicada

A symbol of eternal life, which is placed on the mouth of a deceased person.

Calligraphy

A type of writing done by the Chinese men on silk then later paper.

Black & White

What is the color of Chinese landscape art?

Fan painting

Also a Chinese significant form of art painting done on the surface of a fan.

Chinese architecture

Is the indigenous architecture of vast country in eastern Asia.

Tao

It is a principle of Chinese Architecture, in which they believe is an incomprehensive natural force, that all events in the universe follows.

Yin-yang

Meaning balance & symmetry in Chinese.

Feng Shui

Is a Chinese traditional concept of the five elements that were believed to be constitute the universe.

Number nine

It is a number that especially applied in imperial architecture.

Odd numbers

Chinese considers these numbers masculine.

Yellow

Chinese significant color for the emperor.

Green

Chinese color for palace buildings.

Red

Chinese color for happiness and solemnity. Usually used on doors.

Dragon

It is a zoomorphic symbol for the emperor.

Phoenix

It is a zoomorphic symbol for the empress.

Lion

It is a zoomorphic symbol for the guardian of the palatial structures.

Pagoda

It is a tiered tower w/ multiple eaves common in China, Japan, Korea, and other parts of Asia. It holds relics, or used as a memorial, and was originally built to preserve Buddhist relics.

Pai-lou

A monumental archway/ gateway w/ one, three, or five openings, that serves as a memorial entrance to palace, tombs.

Paifang

Another term for Pai-lou that is usually built of stone, imitating a wood construction.

Stupa

From what image resembled the top part of a Chinese pagoda, that came from India?

Statue of Buddha

In the main part of the pagoda, what is usually enshrines it in Chinese traditions?

The base

It is a part of a pagoda that used for burying Buddhist relics, usually took the form of an underground chamber.

The Forbidden City

It is the home of the 24 Chinese emperors for almost 500 years.

Qiniandan Hall of Prayer

The Forbidden city is a palace complex of, the Gate of Great Peace, Hall of Supreme Justice, and of what?

Great Wall of China

It is the only man-made structure seen from moon, fortified under the Zhou Dinasty to protect China against nomads. Also serves as a communincation.

The Temple of Heaven

It is China's existing complex of ancient sacrificial buildings.

The Temple of Heaven

It was built in 1420 for the emperor to worship Heaven. It stands on a round foundation built w/ three levels of marble stones.

Potala Palace

It is the residence for the Dalai Lama, that is a nine storey building in color white, red and gold leaf.

Stupa

A domical mounds forming a sacred Buddhist monument. It is one of the most distinctive structures in India.

Yin-yang

Chinese concept - 'opposing forces at play'

Japanese Art

It is highly influenced by China because of religion. And been enclosed for 200 years to be isolated from foreign influences.

Jomon art

It is art made by the earliest Japanese, known for the cord markings that decorated the surfaces of their clay vessels.

Dogū

The Jomons crafted lavishly decorated pottery storage vessels, clay figurines called ____ and crystal jewels.

Yamato

A national style of painting based on geometric forms rather than the fluid forms of China.

Kakemon

Japanese paintings executed on vertical silk scrolls.

Makimono

Japanese paintings executed on horizontal scrolls.

Ukiyo-e

Scenes of the 'Floating world'. It is a Japanese genre woodblock prints and paintings between 17th cent - 20th cent, featuring history, theater, and pleasure quarters.

Ukiyo-e

It is the main artistic genre of woodblock printing in Japan.

Kakiemon-de pattern

It is a Japanese delicate angular flowering branches pattern, painted w/ iron red, two tones of green and blue, and subtle touches of gold.

Imari pattern

It is a Japanese art pattern that employes a strong floral & brocade design painted in heavily saturated colors.

Japanning

A laquerwork layer upon layer added to base material then polished to a smooth brilliant surface. Gold & silver dust are also applied into the tope layer of the laquer before finishing.

Katana

A sword of a samurai.

Tsuba

A Japanese sword of a guard.

Kashira

It is the buttcap of a Japanese sword.

Fuchi

It is the ring bands or hilt collar of a Japanese sword.

Menuki

are the ornaments that are found under the handle wrap on katana and wakizashi. They define the character of the sword and can tie the owner to the sword.

Tsuka

The Menuki can be replaced when the _____ (handle) is re-wrapped.

Kozuka

are small knives that fit into the saya of the wakazashi. They have many uses including being used as a small throwing weapon that samurai boys spent time learning how to use. These blades are forged from steel.

Cha No Yu

'The Way of Tea'

Tea ceremony

A choreographic ritual of preparing and serving Japanese green tea.

Chai-re

Tea caddy

Chakin

Hemp cloth

Chasen

A whisk made from a bamboo

Chasaku

Tea scoop