AP World Unit 9 Illustrative Examples

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44 Terms

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Petroleum

A fossil fuel used to power transportation and industrial processes, central to modern energy consumption.

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Nuclear Power

An alternative energy source that uses nuclear reactions to generate electricity with lower greenhouse gas emissions.

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The Internet

A global network that revolutionized communication, commerce, and information-sharing in the late 20th century.

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Mobile Phones

Devices that enabled global communication and access to the internet, drastically changing personal and professional life.

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Air Travel

A form of transportation that became faster and more accessible, connecting people across long distances.

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Shipping Containers

Standardized transport units that revolutionized global trade by simplifying the movement of goods.

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Alzheimer’s Disease

A neurodegenerative condition associated with aging, illustrating health challenges in longer-living populations.

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Heart Disease

A leading cause of death globally, linked to aging and lifestyle changes in developed nations.

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HIV/AIDS

A global epidemic that emerged in the late 20th century, particularly affecting Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Ebola

A highly infectious disease primarily affecting parts of Africa, highlighting global health vulnerabilities.

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COVID-19

A global pandemic that emerged in 2019, reshaping public health policies and global interaction.

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Deforestation

The large-scale removal of forested areas, often due to agriculture or development, contributing to climate change.

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Desertification

The degradation of land in arid areas due to overgrazing, deforestation, or poor agricultural practices.

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Decline in Air Quality

Caused by industrialization and urbanization, contributing to respiratory issues and climate change.

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Freshwater Scarcity

Increasing global demand and pollution of freshwater supplies threaten ecosystems and human populations.

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Greenpeace

An international environmental organization advocating for conservation and against environmental degradation.

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Earth Day

An annual event supporting environmental protection and raising awareness about global ecological challenges.

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Kyoto Protocol

An international treaty committing signatory countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

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Paris Agreement

A global pact aimed at limiting climate change by reducing carbon emissions and supporting green initiatives.

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Deng Xiaoping

Chinese leader who introduced market-based reforms and opened China’s economy to global trade.

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Ronald Reagan

U.S. president known for promoting free-market policies and deregulation.

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Margaret Thatcher

British prime minister who implemented neoliberal economic reforms including privatization.

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Augusto Pinochet

Chilean dictator who embraced economic liberalization through controversial free-market reforms.

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WTO

World Trade Organization; regulates international trade and resolves disputes between nations.

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IMF

International Monetary Fund; provides loans and economic guidance to countries in financial crises.

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World Bank

Offers financial and technical assistance for development projects in poorer countries.

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Knowledge Economies

Economies based on information, innovation, and services rather than manufacturing (e.g., U.S., Japan).

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Manufacturing Economies

Countries that focus on producing goods for export, often due to lower labor costs (e.g., Bangladesh, Mexico).

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Reggae

A genre of music from Jamaica that became globally popular, reflecting cultural diffusion.

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K-pop

Korean pop music that gained a massive international following and cultural influence.

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Bollywood

India’s film industry producing popular movies with global reach.

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World Cup

An international soccer tournament fostering global unity and cultural exchange.

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Olympics

A worldwide athletic competition symbolizing international cooperation and competition.

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McDonald’s

A global fast-food brand symbolizing cultural globalization and American influence.

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Apple

A multinational tech company representing global consumerism and innovation.

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Nike

A global athletic brand known for its international manufacturing and marketing.

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Anti-Globalization Movements

Social movements opposing the negative effects of globalization, such as inequality and cultural homogenization.

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Global Inequality

The uneven distribution of wealth and resources across countries, exacerbated by globalization.

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Al-Qaeda

A terrorist organization responsible for major global attacks, including 9/11, challenging global security.

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ISIS

A militant group that sought to establish an Islamic state, known for violence and global terror threats.

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UNICEF

United Nations organization focused on protecting children’s rights and welfare worldwide.

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CEDAW

An international treaty promoting the elimination of discrimination against women.

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Indigenous Rights Movements

Efforts to protect the cultures, lands, and rights of indigenous peoples globally.

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Disability Rights Movements

Advocacy for equal access and protections for people with disabilities.