Cell structure
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Last updated 1:31 PM on 4/2/25
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40 Terms
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Cells
Basic unit of life. All living things are made of cells
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Cell Organelles
Structures found within cells
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What are the two types of Microscopes?
light and electron
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Simple microscope
one lens
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Compound microscope
two lenses
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Electron microscope
Shows ultrastructures (fine detail)
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What animal cell structures are visible under a light microscope?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
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What plant cell structures are visible under a light microscope?
Vacuole, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
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What animal cell structures are visible under an electron microscope?
Cell membrane, ribosome, nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear envelope, nuclear pores, mitochondria
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What plant cell structures are visible under an electron microscope?
Cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria, nuclear pores, nuclear envelope, nucleolus, nucleus, vacuole, chloroplasts, ribosome, cytoplasm
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Draw and label a diagram of a animal cell under a light microscope in the sketchbook app
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Draw and label a diagram of a plant cell under a light microscope in the sketchbook app
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Draw and label a diagram of a mitochondria in the sketchbook app
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Draw and label a diagram of a chloroplast in the sketchbook app
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Chloroplasts
Site of photosynthesis, surrounded by two membranes, contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis, has a loop of DNA
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Mitochondria
Site of respiration, surrounded by double membrane (inner membrane is folded), has a loop of DNA
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Cell/plasma membrane (composition)
Phospholipids and protein
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Cell/plasma membrane (function)
Controls the passage of chemicals in and out of the cell
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Nucleus (composition)
Chromosomes surrounded by a double membrane
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Nucleus (function)
Controls all cell activities
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Nucleolus (function)
Makes RNA/ribosomes
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Nuclear membrane/envelope (function)
Contains nucleus
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Nuclear pores (composition)
Protein complexes
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Nuclear pores (function)
Controls passage of materials between cytoplasm and nucleus
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Vacuole (composition)
Membrane bound space in cytoplasm
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Vacuole (function)
Stores water and salts (sap). Structure in plant cells
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Mitochondria (composition)
Double membrane organelle
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Mitochondria (function)
Respiration
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Ribosome (composition)
Protein and RNA
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Ribosome (function)
protein synthesis
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Cytoplasm (composition)
Liquid in cell, jelly like
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Cytoplasm (function)
Cell organelles are suspended in the Cytoplasm
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Cell wall (composition)
cellulose fibres
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Cell wall (function)
Structure in plant cells
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Chloroplast (composition)
Double membrane organelle contains chlorophyll
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Chloroplasts (function)
Photosynthesis
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Plant cell differences
cell wall, chloroplast, large vacuole
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Animal cell differences
No cell wall, no chloroplasts, small (if any) vacuoles
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Prokaryotic/prokaryotes
No nucleus, no membrane bound organelles e.g. bacteria
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Eukaryotic/eukaryotes
Has a nucleus, has membrane bound organelles. E.g. animals, plants
Note 
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