Morality

Morality as "action-guiding".

This means moral principles act like a GPS for your behavior. They are meant to be used to advise people, influence how we act, and help us judge whether a behavior was good or bad.

Moral, religious

___behavior is often viewed as essential to ____practice.

Religious ethics

are often "vertical," grounded in divine revelation or authority.

secular ethics

the most important characteristic of ____ is that it is "horizontal," grounded in reason and human experience.

Moral

____ principles do not strictly require a religious foundation; reason

can allow individuals to discover right and wrong even apart from divine revelation.

Secular morality

however, relies on reason and human experience to discover

what is right, even without a specific religious command.

Law

generally cannot punish bad intentions if no crime is committed, whereas morality judges bad intentions themselves as wrong.

shallower

Law is "_____" than morality; one can be "legally innocent" while

remaining "morally wrong."

Morality

goes deeper than the law because it cares about your

intentions and heart, not just if you got caught.

Etiquette

concerns form and style (politeness), whereas morality concerns the

essence of social existence (rightness).

Etiquette

consists of cultural customs (e.g., how to

dress or eat) that are often morally neutral in themselves.

moral impropriety

etiquette is not the substance of social transactions, willfully violating etiquette can be a "______" if it shows a lack of respect for people.

culture

etiquette rules are usually made up by a ____ and can change.

Morality

primary basis: Reason and Human Interest

Morality

scope: Deepest essence of social existence; guides character.

Religion

Primary Basis:Revelation and Divine

Authority

Law

Primary Basis: Social Institution and

Enforcement

Etiquette

Primary Basis:Cultural Custom and Politeness

Etiquette

Scope: Concerns "polite" behavior

rather than "right" behavior.

Law

Scope: Limited to enforceable rules;

cannot easily judge motives.

Religion

Scope: Often supplements moral

reason with divine incentive.