Bio 141 - Lab 1 quiz study guide

reproductive system

• major organs: gonads (testes and ovaries)

• transports the gender cells and development of fetus

urinary system

• major organs: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

• get rid of nitrogenous wastes, filters, adjusts chemical balance of bodily fluids, and maintains the blood volume

nervous system

• major organs: brain spinal cords, nerves

• coordinates the body regions, interpret environmental cues and integrate information

skeletal system

• major organs: bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints

• support the body protect delicate organs and produces blood

muscular system

• major organs: all muscles attached to skeleton

• move and strengthen the joints and generate heat, abdominal compression

respiratory system

• major organs: nose, larynx, trachea, lungs

• absorption of O2 and discharge of CO2, acid-base balance, speech

circulatory system

• major organs: heart and blood vessels

• distribution of nutrients, oxygens, wastes, hormones, electrolytes, heat, immune cells, antibodies, fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance

lymphatic system

• major organs: lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, spleen, tonsils

• recover excess tissue fluid, detection of pathogens, production of immune cells, defense against disease

integument system

• major organs: skin, hair, nails, cutaneous glands

• protection, water retention, thermoregulation, vitamin D synthesis, cutaneous sensation, non-verbal communication

digestive system

• major organs: teeth, tongue, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

• nutrient breakdown and absorption, metabolism, synthesis of plasma proteins

endocrine system

• major organs: pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries

• hormone production & internal chemical communication and coordination

what directional term is A?

superior

what directional term is B?

inferior

what directional term is C?

anterior

what directional term is D?

posterior

what directional term is E?

medial

what directional term is F?

lateral

what directional term is H?

promixal

what directional term is I?

distal

what directional term is J?

superficial

what directional term is K?

deep

Describe anatomical position and its importance

• a universal standard in which anatomical specimens are oriented in the same position for reference

• important because it prevents confusion when comparing anatomical directions on specimens (patients)

what planes of section is the blue area?

coronal/frontal

what planes of section is the red area?

transverse/horizontal

what planes of section is the yellow area?

midsagittal

what planes of section is the yellow line?

parasagittal

what planes of section is the purple area?

oblique

dorsal cavity

• purple area (contains both cranial and spinal cavity)

• major organs: skull, brain, spinal cord

ventral cavity

• red area (contains thoracic & abdominal-pelvic cavity)

• thoracic cavity contains mediastinum, pleural, pericardial

• major organs: heart, trachea, lungs, liver, intestines, stomach, kidney, pancreas, gallbladder, reproductive organs, bladder

what region of the body is 1?

cranial

what region of the body is 2?

facial

what region of the body is 31?

nuchal

what region of the body is 6?

buccal

what region of the body is 9?

cervical

what region of the body is 8?

mental

what region of the body is 10?

acromial

what region of the body is 13?

brachial

what region of the body is 15?

cubital

what region of the body is 16?

antebrachial

what region of the body is 38?

perineal

what region of the body is 23?

femoral

what region of the body is 29?

tarsal

what region of body is 18?

palmar

what region of body is 17?

carpal