Evidences of Evolution(1) (4)(2)

What does the theory of evolution describe?

The process by which a species changes over time.

Who is known for formulating the theory of evolution?

Charles Darwin.

What is natural selection?

A process where individuals with favorable traits leave more offspring, leading to population changes.

What is overpopulation in the context of natural selection?

More offspring are produced than can survive, leading to competition.

What are homologous structures?

Structures in different species that are similar due to shared ancestry.

What are the seven types of evidence for evolution?

Anatomical, fossils, biogeography, biochemical, embryological development, mutation, and recombination.

What is biogeography?

The study of the distribution of species and ecosystems across geographic space and time.

What is the significance of the forelimb structure comparison among vertebrates?

It indicates evolutionary relationships due to similar basic structures and embryonic origins.

What is the geologic timescale used for?

To represent the history of life based on fossil records.

What is the 'survival of the fittest'?

A phrase that describes natural selection, where those better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive.

What can fossils tell us about evolution?

They provide preserved evidence of organisms that existed in the past.

What does genetic drift refer to?

A change in a population's genetic makeup due to chance events.

What is endosymbiosis?

A relationship where one cell engulfs another that it cannot digest, mutually benefiting both.

How does the classification system organize living things?

It categorizes organisms based on shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships.

What is binomial nomenclature?

A two-term naming system for species, consisting of genus and species.

What distinguishes Domain Eukarya from the other domains?

Eukarya consists of organisms with eukaryotic cells that contain a nucleus.

What evidence supports the theory of evolution in biochemical homologies?

Similarities in DNA and protein sequences suggesting common ancestry.

What is a clade in terms of phylogenetic trees?

A group consisting of a common ancestor and all its descendants.

What does the term 'mutation' mean in the context of evolution?

A change in DNA that can lead to variations within a species.

What is the main role of recombination of genes during gamete formation?

To create variation which is essential for the evolution of species.

How can finches on the Galapagos Islands be an example of natural selection?

Different beaks adapted to specific food sources demonstrate evolutionary adaptation.

What is the significance of anatomical comparative anatomy in evolution?

It compares the anatomy of different organisms to find evidence of common ancestry.

What is the main concept of punctuated equilibrium in evolution?

The theory that species evolve rapidly during episodes of environmental change followed by long periods of stability.