International Relations Poland

996

The beginning of Poland

15th to 17th century

Century Poland is a super power

1772, 1793 and 1795

Division of Poland between Austria Prussia and Russia

1794, 1830, 1863

Polish uprisings

1918

Rebirth of Poland

1920

Polish - Bolsheviks War

1918 - 1939

Established Polish foreign policy: cooperation of Poland with France, Great Britain, USA, Romania, Hungary and Latvia

1939 - 1945

WORLD WAR II and splitting of Poland by Germany and Soviet Union

1945 - 1989

Communism in Poland

1956, 1968, 1970, 1980 and 1981

Anti Communist movements in Poland

1989 - 1991

Collapse of communist system in Europe

1991

Beginning negotiations between Krakow and EU

1999

Poland became a member of Nato

2004

Poland became a member of the EU

Poland’s relationships in Nato and accomplishments

The three seas initiative, military and energy cooperation. Developed relationships with central European countries and with Russia

Poland’s relationships in the EU

Developed relations with Germany and other countries

A key pillar for Polish Security

Is strengthening cooperation with the USA

The reforms of the EU but not federalization

Forms real solidarity between all members of the EU

China

The asian economic direction

Deconstruction and decomposition of Russia

Russian imperialism is constant

966

The christianization of Poland

1000

Established congress in Gniezno, emporer Otto III

1018

Budziszyn Treaty

1025

Bolesław Chrobry - First king of Poland

1126

Teutonic knights - Mazuria

1410

Grunwald Victory

In 1466 Pomerania returns to Poland

Torun Treaty

1525

Feudal tribute of teutonic knights to Poland

1657

Ex territories of the teutants to brandemburg

1525 - 1772

Stable Border (army marches) but there were bigger enemies such as Moscow, Turky and Sweden

Relations with Moscow in the 10th and 14th century

Territorial conflicts with Kievan Rus

Relations with Moscow 1386

Union of Poland with Lithuania who has a common enemy (The principality of Moscow)

Relations with Moscow 1508

Battle of Orsza where Poland defended Smolensk

Battle of Orsza

Cause great sadness, Politican crisis in Moscow

Relations with Moscow 1610 - 1612

Established the Romanow Dynasty

Relations with Moscow 17th Century

Wars with Moscow cause territorial losses of Poland - The key role of Russia in the three partitions of Poland

19th and 20th century: 1830, 1863 and 1920

Russification and extermination of Poles

18th Century

The saxon dynasty from Dresden

1772, 1793, 1795

Three partitions of Poland

19th and 20th century

Saxony were friends and Prussians were enemies

1611

Russia Tribute

Relations with the USA

Poles and the war of indpendance

Kingdom of Poland in the 16th century

Major Superpower in Europe

Bona Sforza

Queen of Poland and Grand dutchess of Lithuania as the second wife of Zygmunt Stary from 1518 to 1557

The Polish Kingdom in the 15th century

The arrival of Jews to Poland before persecution from Western Europe

Kingdom of Poland in 1515

The agreement in Viena with Haburgs

The role of Nobility in the kingdom of Poland

Economicallly the granary of Europe while also crafting workshops

Wars in Poland in the 17th century

Poland vs Turkey, Sweden and Moscow

King Jan II Sobieski in Vienna 1683

Crucial role in the Battle where the coalition of Christian forces successfully lifted the Ottoman siege of the city. The victory is celebrated as a significant turning point in European history, marking the decline of Ottoman expansion into Europe.

November 11 1918

End of WWII with a ceasefire

The great powers prior two WWII

UK, Germany, France, Austrio-Hungary, Italy, Russia, USA and Japan

The great powers after WWII

UK, France, Japan, Soviet Union, Germany and Italy

November 1918

Conflict with Ukraine for Lvov

December 1918

Wielkiposkie uprising against Germany

1919 - 1921

War against soviets

Józef Piłsudski

a Polish statesman who served as the Chief of State and first Marshal of Poland. In the aftermath of World War I, he became an increasingly dominant figure in Polish politics and exerted significant influence on shaping the country's foreign policy.

1919, 1920 and 1921

Slask uprisings against germany

Conference in Paris

cuses on European security and includes discussions on Poland's foreign policy, particularly in relation to energy security, international sanctions on Russia, and cybersecurity challenges.

Roman Dmowski (Gdansk)

a Polish politician, statesman, and co-founder and chief ideologue of the National Democracy political movement active during the interwar period.

1920 East Prussian plebiscite

The self-determination of the regions of Warmia, Mazuria (Germany) and Slask Ciesznski (Czech) that had been part of the East Prussian Government Region of Allenstein and of the West Prussian Government.

Ignacy Jan Paderwski

In 1919, was the prime minister and foreign minister during which he signed Treaty of Versailles

Fathers of Polish Independance

Józef Piłsudski, Roman Dmowski, Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Wincenty Witos, Wojciech Korfanty, and Ignacy Daszyński.

Poland and the USA

Fought together against the soviets, American relief administration, Herbert C. Hoover, Pilor Merian Caldwell Cooper. Cooperated on the Conference in Paris to support the existence of the Polish States. Neo-Isalocianism

Soviet Russia/Union and Poland

Anti-Polish Doctrine, Rapaollo, Balance Policy, The non-aggress pact, Bibbentrop, Moltow Pact and The full liquidation of Poland

The Polish Societ War

The miracle on vistula 1919 - 1920

Battle of Warsaw

August 15th, 1920 where during the Polish-Soviet War, Polish forces achieved a decisive victory against the Red Army.

United Kingdom and Poland

David Lloyd George, Lack of suppoert in the war with Soviet Russia, Defense agreement on August 125th 1939 which guaranteed assistance, September 3, 1939 Declaration of War

France and Poland

Maxime Weygand, Ferdinand Foch causing a ceasefire for 20 years, 1925 Locarno the betrayal of Polabd and possibility of reviewing the Eastern Borders of Germany, 1921 a cooperation agreement that made the, strategic allies, 1939 Lack of Military support during the war with Germany

Little Entente 1933

An alliance formed in 1920 and 1921 by Czechoslovakia, Romania and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes with the purpose of common defense against Hungarian revisionism and the prospect of a Habsburg restoration in Austria or Hungary

Reasons of WWII

Treaty of Versaille with Germany, Soviet Union, Japan and Italy, neoisalocianism of the USA, Japanese aggression against Manchuria, inaction of the League of Nation and Border conflicts with the USSR in 1939, Hitler came to Power in 1933, Anschluss of Austria, Munich conferencem ribbentrop which was the Molotov Pact.

The Fourth Partition of Poland

The 1815 division at the Congress of Vienna and the 1939 division between Germany and the Soviet Union.

German and Soviet Occupation

Extermination, Holocaust, Auschwitz, The ghetto uprising in Warsaw, Exile to Siberia and Katyn

The Katyn Massacre 1940

a series of mass executions carried out by the Soviet NKVD, where nearly 22,000 Polish military officers and intelligentsia were killed

Katyn 1940

April 13th 1940 the Katyn Murder, April 13rh 1943 Germans discovered mass graves in Katyn, July 4, 1943 Air disaster Gibraltar causing the death of Primse minister Wladyslaw Sikorski and until 1990 there was the conspiracy of silence

Exterminations

Palmiry, Zamosc, Krakow and Auszchwitz additionally many well educated members of Jagiellonian Uni. were killed and tortured in different prison facilities.

Wolyn 1943 to 1945

Genocide on Poles comitted by Ukraine. Carried out in German-occupied Poland by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, with the support of parts of the local Ukrainian population and Stephan Bandera, against the Polish minority in Volhynia, Eastern Galicia, parts of Polesia, and the Lublin region

The Ulma Family

Józef and Wiktoria Ulma with Seven Children were a Polish Catholic family in Markowa, Poland, during the Nazi German occupation in World War II who attempted to rescue Polish Jewish families by hiding them in their own home

Irena Sendlerowa

a Polish humanitarian, social worker, and nurse who served in the Polish Underground Resistance during World War II in German-occupied Warsaw.

April 13th 1943

The ghetto uprising in Warsaw

Warsaw Uprising

Miasto 44, The Wola Massacre, and occures through August 1st to October 3rd 1944

Cold War

May 8th was the end of the war in Euorope. But for Poland it wasnt the end

Witold Pilecki and Danuta Siedzikowna

Cursed Soldiers during the war

International Security Systems during the Cold War

Western Europe had European integration (1957 in Rome), The Marshall plan (1947) and Nato (1949), Eastern Europe had the Warsaw Pact (1955) and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (1949)

Poland against communism 1956

Poznań protests marked a significant uprising against the communist government in Poland, initiated by workers demanding better conditions

Poland against communism 1968

A series of major student, intellectual and other protests against the ruling Polish United Workers' Party of the Polish People's Republic took place in Poland in March 1968.

Poland against communism 1970

protests erupted in Gdańsk, Gdynia, and Szczecin against the sudden increase in food prices, leading to violent clashes with the government. The protests were brutally suppressed by the authorities, resulting in at least 44 deaths and over 1,000 injuries, marking a significant moment in Poland's resistance against communism.

Poland against communism 1976

were a series of protests and demonstrations in the Polish People's Republic that took place after Prime Minister Piotr Jaroszewicz revealed the plan for a sudden increase in the price of many basic commodities,particularly food (butter by 33%, meat by 70%, and sugar by 100%).

Poland against communism 1980

the Solidarity movement (Solidarność) emerged in Poland as a response to the oppressive communist regime, advocating for workers' rights and social reforms. Led by Lech Wałęsa, it became the first independent trade union in a Warsaw Pact country and played a crucial role in the eventual fall of communism in Poland

Poland against communism 1981

Poland imposed martial law to suppress the Solidarity movement, which was advocating for labor rights and political reforms against the Communist regime. This period, lasting until 1983, involved severe restrictions on civil liberties, widespread arrests, and violent crackdowns on protests, ultimately aiming to maintain Communist control in the country.

Poland against communism 1953 in Berlin

Workers protested against the oppressive communist regime, influenced by the anti-communist sentiments in Eastern Europe, including Poland.

Poland against communism 1956 in Budapest

Protests in Poland were part of a broader anti-communist resistance, the Hungarian Revolution (1956) in Budapest was a significant uprising against the Soviet-backed government, marked by demands for political and economic reforms. Both events were crucial in the struggle against communist control in Eastern Europe during the Cold War

Poland against communism 1948 in Prague

Poland was not directly involved in the events of the Czechoslovak coup in Prague, but the rise of communism in Czechoslovakia alarmed Poland and other Eastern European nations.

Poland against communism 1968 in Czechoslovakia

Poland experienced a political crisis marked by protests against the communist regime, which coincided with the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia, where reformist movements sought greater freedoms.

The figures of the Collapse of Communism

Ronald Reagan, John Paul II, Margret Thatcher and Michael Gorbatshov

September 16th 1988

Diplomatic relations were established between Poland and the EEA

November 9th 1989

Demolition of the Berlin Wall

December 22nd 1990

Official negotiations regarding the association between the Republic of Poland the European Communities began

February 1, 1994

The Europe Agreement with Poland came into force

June 7th and 8th, 2003

Nationwide referendum on consent to ratification of the treaty

May 1st, 2004

At midnight, Poland became a member of the EU