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Medicare application age
65 years
Social Aging
Adjustments often involve retirement and grand-parenting around ages 74-75.
Biological Aging
Hair graying, hair loss, and other physical changes.
Biological Aging Definition
Increased cellular deterioration, disease vulnerability, and decreased physiological reserves.
Aging Phenotype
The process of aging influenced by genetics, lifestyle, and environment.
Chronological Aging
Aging defined by the passage of time (e.g., passing 55 years)
Elderly Age Definition
Age 65 years
Agism
Age-based discrimination and stereotyping.
Longevity Factors
Genetics, environment, lifestyle.
Primary Prevention
Vaccines, seat belts, helmets (e.g., shingles, pneumonic, COVID, flu).
Secondary Prevention
Pap smears, breast cancer screenings.
Tertiary Prevention
Diabetes self-management.
Treatment
Destroys the invading organism.
Prevention
Avoiding pathogens, chemicals, activities, and dietary agents.
Cues
What you see and what the patient is telling you.
Epigenetics
The effect of the environment on RNA.
Epigenetics and Aging
Lifestyle choices can influence the aging phenotype.
Types of Inflammation
Acute and Chronic
Acute Inflammation
Immune system's response to a sudden insult like trauma, activating cellular mediators such as macrophages.
Examples of Conditions Causing Inflammation
Flu, RSV, pneumonia, shingles, and COVID.
Mitochondrial Powerhouse
Powerhouse of the cell.
Shortening Telomeres
Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolution.
Skin Care Technique
Carefully hold skin, apply alcohol, counter traction.
Arteriosclerosis
Thickening and hardening of the artery.
Atherosclerosis
Plaquing in the arteries.
Serostomia
Dry mouth (common in elderly).
Peristalsis
Series of involuntary muscle contractions.
Skin Assessment
Assess sponsored lesions with the ABCDE method.
Medicaid
State coverage for low-income people.
Medicare
Government coverage, must be 65+.
Role Theory
Explanation of how one adjusts to aging.
Sundown Syndrome
Worsening of symptoms in the evening, occurs in people with dementia.
LEARN
Listen carefully, Explain, Acknowledge, Recommend, Negotiate
DNA and RNA
Templates ensuring new cells have the same form and function as old cells.
Functional Aging
Inability to perform daily activities (ADLs).
Acute Care Setting
Hospital
Sub-Acute Care
Complex health care (SNIFF), less expensive than acute care.
MDS
Minimum Data Set