Oral Cavity

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47 Terms

1
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orbicularis oris

speech muscle

attachments: maxilla, mandible

intrinsic ring: fibers encircle lips

extrinsic ring: fibers converging on OO from other muscles

function 1: lip rounder (/u/ as in “two”)

function 2: lip purser (/m/ as in “moo”)

function 3: lip compressor and sucker (/p/ or /m/)

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buccinator

speech muscle

deep muscle

attachments: pterygomandibular ligament, upper and lower OO

fibers crisscross before attaching

function 1: compress lips against teeth and spread lips (/m/ or /p/)

function 2: dimple mouth corner

3
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risorius

speech muscle

superficial to buccinator

attachments: masseter fascia, corner of OO

function: spread lips sideways

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zygomatic major

facial expression muscle

attachments: zygomatic bone, corner of OO

function: draw corner of lips upward and to side as in a smile

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zygomatic minor

facial expression muscle

attachments: zygomatic bone, upper OO lateral to midline

function: draw lips upward and to side as in a smile

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levator labii superior

facial expression muscle

attachments: maxilla bone, upper OO lateral to midline

function: lift upper lift as in a sneer

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depressor labii inferior

facial expression muscle

attachments: mandible, blend into lower OO lateral to midline

function: pull lower lip downward as in “duh”

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levator anguli oris

facial expression muscle

attachments: maxilla, corner of OO, both upper and lower parts

function: pull corner of mouth upward as in a smile, also close mouth by drawing lower lip up

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depressor anguli oris

facial expression muscle

attachments: mandible, corner of OO, mostly upper OO

function: pull corner of lip downward as in a “frown”

10
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mentalis

facial expression muscle

attachments: mandible, midline of lower OO

function: outward curling of lower lip as in a pout, may contribute to /f/ or /v/

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incisivus labii superior/inferior

facial expression muscle

attachments: maxilla/mandible then merge with OO on opposite corner

function: pull corners of lip toward center as in a lip pucker

12
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platysma

facial expression muscle

superficial neck muscle

attachments: fascia covering pectoralis major and deltoid, mandible, blend corner OO

function: draw lip corners to side and downward as in a grimace

13
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tip, blade, dorsum, root

what are the 4 regions of the tongue

14
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root

muscles that attach to mandible to hyoid bone are considered what part of the tongue

15
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intrinsic, extrinsic, and protruders

what are the 3 groups of tongue muscles

16
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intrinsic tongue muslces

attachments within body of tongue, mostly change shape of tongue

17
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extrinsic tongue muscles

one attachment outside body of tongue, change position of tongue

18
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tongue protruder muscles

attach to root of tongue (mandible/hyoid bone), pull tongue forward

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lingual aponeurosis and lingual septum

what does the tongue “skeleton” consist of

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lingual aponeurosis

thin layer of connective tissue surrounding body of tongue

<p>thin layer of connective tissue surrounding body of tongue</p>
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lingual septum

continuation of lingual aponeurosis through center of tongue

<p>continuation of lingual aponeurosis through center of tongue</p>
22
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intrinsic tongue muscles

superior longitudinal, vertical, inferior longitudinal, and transverse muscles

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superior longitudinal

intrinsic tongue muscle

attachments: lingual aponeurosis and hyoid bone

course: upper surface, length of tongue

functions: shorten tongue, curl tip up, symmetrically or to one side only

<p>intrinsic tongue muscle</p><p>attachments: lingual aponeurosis and hyoid bone</p><p>course: upper surface, length of tongue</p><p>functions: shorten tongue, curl tip up, symmetrically or to one side only</p>
24
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vertical

intrinsic tongue muscle

attachments: lingual aponeurosis and top-to-bottom of tongue body

course: variable, but mostly length of tongue

function: flatten tongue

<p>intrinsic tongue muscle</p><p>attachments: lingual aponeurosis and top-to-bottom of tongue body</p><p>course: variable, but mostly length of tongue</p><p>function: flatten tongue</p>
25
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inferior longitudinal

intrinsic tongue muscle

attachments: lingual aponeurosis and hyoid bone

course: lower surface of tongue, length of tongue

functions: shorten tongue, curl tip down, symmetrically or to one side only

<p>intrinsic tongue muscle</p><p>attachments: lingual aponeurosis and hyoid bone</p><p>course: lower surface of tongue, length of tongue</p><p>functions: shorten tongue, curl tip down, symmetrically or to one side only</p>
26
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transverse

intrinsic tongue muscle

attachments: lingual aponeurosis and lingual septum

course: side to side, comprise bulk of tongue

functions: narrow and elongate tongue

<p>intrinsic tongue muscle</p><p>attachments: lingual aponeurosis and lingual septum</p><p>course: side to side, comprise bulk of tongue</p><p>functions: narrow and elongate tongue</p>
27
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genioglossus

extrinsic tongue muscle

attachments: mandible, midline tongue, hyoid

function 1: protrudes tongue by pulling root (hyoid) forward (/th/)

function 2: pull middle of tongue into trough (/s/)

<p>extrinsic tongue muscle</p><p>attachments: mandible, midline tongue, hyoid</p><p>function 1: protrudes tongue by pulling root (hyoid) forward (/th/)</p><p>function 2: pull middle of tongue into trough (/s/)</p>
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hyoglossus

extrinsic tongue muscle

attachments: hyoid, tongue body, lateral to genioglossus

functions: lower tongue body, backward movement of tongue (/aw/)

<p>extrinsic tongue muscle</p><p>attachments: hyoid, tongue body, lateral to genioglossus</p><p>functions: lower tongue body, backward movement of tongue (/aw/)</p>
29
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palatoglossus

extrinsic tongue muscle

attachments: back side of tongue, palatine aponeurosis

function: pull tongue dorsum up and back (/ng/ or /k/)

<p>extrinsic tongue muscle</p><p>attachments: back side of tongue, palatine aponeurosis</p><p>function: pull tongue dorsum up and back (/ng/ or /k/)</p>
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styloglossus

extrinsic tongue muscle

attachments: styloid process of temporal bone and tongue dorsum and body

function 1: pull tongue back and up (/ng/ or /k/)

function 2: pull tongue to one side

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extrinsic tongue muscles

genioglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, styloglossus

32
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tongue protruder muscles

mylohyoid, geniohyoid, digastric (anterior belly)

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angle, condylar process, coronoid process

what are the three landmarks of the mandible

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angle

mandible landmark

site of muscle attachment

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condylar process

mandible landmark

articulates with temporal bone

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coronoid process

mandible landmark

site of muscle attachment

L. curved like a crow’s beak

<p>mandible landmark</p><p>site of muscle attachment</p><p>L. curved like a crow’s beak</p>
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temporomandibular joint

between condylar process and temporal bone

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hinge, glide, translational

what are the 3 movements of the temporomandibular joint

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hinge

temporomandibular joint movement

elevate and depress mandible

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glide

temporomandibular joint movement

protrude mandible

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translational

temporomandibular joint movement

move side to side

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masseter, medial pterygoid, temporalis

what are the 3 elevator muscles

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masseter

elevator muscle

superficial muscle

attachments: zygomatic bone and angle of mandible

function: pull mandible up and built for power

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medial pterygoid

elevator muscle

parallel to masseter on medial side

attachments: medial pterygoid of sphenoid bone and angle of mandible

function: pull mandible up and same action as masseter

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temporalis

elevator muscle

attachments: temporal bone and coronoid process of mandible

function: pull mandible up, same action as masseter and medial pterygoid, but built for speed rather than power

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lateral pterygoid

glider muscle

attachments: lateral pterygoid of sphenoid bone and condylar process of mandible

function: pull or protrude mandible forward

47
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mylohyoid, geniohyoid, digastric (anterior belly)

what are the 3 depressor muscles