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God
only one; creator of heaven and earth; the being that is in relationship with the israelites
Israel
place and people; gave Israelites a sense of stability to continue practicing religion freely
Rabbis
a Jewish scholar or teacher; one that studies or teaches Jewish law
Torah
the law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures; first 5 books of the bible
Diaspora
the dispersion or spread of a people from their original homeland
Covenant
agreement, such as a contract between two people
Bimah
the podium or platform in a synagogue from which the Torah and Prophets are read
Synagogue
the building where a Jewish assembly or congregation meets for religious worship and instruction
Shofar
a ram's-horn trumpet used by ancient Jews in religious ceremonies and as a battle signal, now sounded at Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur
Tashlich
day of Rosh Hashanah, in which sins are symbolically cast away into a natural body of water
Sukkah
A hut that is composed of 4 walls and an organic material roof. This is used during the holiday Sukkot to provide shade for the jews to complete daily tasks such as eating, studying the Torah, etc.
Seder
a Jewish ritual service and ceremonial dinner for the first night or first two nights of Passover.
Menorah
a candelabrum used in Jewish worship, especially one with eight branches and a central socket used at Hanukkah
Ark
an ornate cabinet that enshrines the sacred Torah scrolls used for public worship; symbolizes the Holy of Holies of the ancient Temple of Jerusalem; the holiest place in the synagogue and the focal point of prayer
Ner tamid
Hebrew: “eternal light/flame”; lamp that burns perpetually in Jewish synagogues before or near the ark of the Law
Messiah
anointed one; divine human warrior who is supposed to bring peace/heaven on earth; eliminate war and suffering; savior
Trifecta: God, Israel and Torah
you can’t have one without the other
major 3 elements of judaism
god - supreme only one god this god chose israelites to be in covenant with him
law and instructions
jews find their base in their relationship with god, solidified by israel, multiple instances in torah
babylonians
who destroyed the first temple?
romans
who destroyed the second temple?
marked the beginning of an unwritten tradition
temple and torah helped to rebuild and retain their identity
after temple was destroyed, they were forced to reinterpret their religious practices
rabbis and synagogues came after the second temple
The significance and function of the Temples
help people understand the after-life, creation, and their covenant with God while also showing them how to live their life
the significance of the torah
Torah reveals about the after-life that people will sleep and wake up and realize they will live in eternal life with God.
others will wake up and realize they will wake up in abhorrence in a not good place
those who are knowledgeable will forever live as stars in the sky
what does the torah reveal about the covenant, creation, and after-life?
jews made these after the second temple was destroyed
place where Jewish people come together to pray, learn, and build a community.
They help keep Jewish traditions alive by giving people a space to pray, read the Torah, and celebrate religious holidays.
a place where Jews can gather as Israel, meaning they come together as one people, connected by their faith and history.
what is the function of a synagogue?
The Cordoba Synagogue in Spain was built in the Middle Ages and represents the Jewish communities that lived there before they were forced to leave.
The Dohány Street Synagogue in Hungary is one of the biggest synagogues in the world and is a symbol of Jewish strength, even after facing hard times.
Temple Emanu-El in New York is an example of how Judaism has grown and changed in America, welcoming many different kinds of Jewish people.
how does the synagogue house jewish belief and practice?
Rosh Hashanah
Jewish New Year. It’s a time for reflection, where people think about their actions from the past year and make changes for the better. One important tradition is blowing the shofar (a ram’s horn), which is a call for people to start fresh and ask for forgiveness.v
Yom Kippur
Day of Atonement, a very holy day when Jews fast and pray to ask God for forgiveness for their mistakes. It’s a time to reflect deeply and try to be better. This shows how important it is in Judaism to seek forgiveness and improve ourselves.Sukkot
Sukkot
harvest festival that also remembers the time when Jewish people lived in temporary shelters in the desert after leaving Egypt. They build sukkahs (small huts) to eat in, and this reminds them to be thankful for what they have and to trust in God.
Pesach (Passover)
celebrates the freedom of the Jewish people from slavery in Egypt. During the Seder meal, Jews eat foods like matzah (unleavened bread) and bitter herbs to remember what their ancestors went through. This holiday reminds them of the value of freedom and God’s power to protect them
Purim
celebrates how Queen Esther saved the Jewish people from harm. Jews read the Megillah (Book of Esther) and give gifts to each other and charity. It’s a joyful holiday that celebrates survival and the strength of the Jewish people.
Hanukkah
Festival of Lights, celebrating a miracle when oil lasted for eight days in the Temple. Jews light the menorah (a candle holder with eight candles) to remember this miracle. Hanukkah represents hope and the victory of light over darkness.
Shabbat
weekly day of rest. It begins on Friday night with candle lighting and a special meal, and ends on Saturday evening. Shabbat is a time to rest, spend time with family, and reconnect with God. It shows the importance of taking a break and recharging.
Shared Scriptures and History: Both religions share the Old Testament (Hebrew Bible). Catholic beliefs, like the nature of God and prayer, come from Jewish teachings.
Rituals and Traditions: Jewish rituals, like the Sabbath and Passover, are similar to Catholic practices like the Eucharist, which comes from the Jewish Passover meal.
Moral Teachings: Both religions follow the Ten Commandments and have similar values about justice, charity, and doing what’s right.
The Messiah: Jews expect a future Messiah who will bring peace, while Catholics believe Jesus is the Messiah who has already come.
The Covenant with God: Jews believe in a covenant with God, and Catholics believe in a New Covenant through Jesus, which helps explain the significance of His sacrifice.
what can we learn more about catholicism?
