Sampling methods Qualitative Research

Page 194 Guide. Description: Sampling is non-probabilistic, does not aim to ensure representativeness in relation to target population. Instead aims to ensure that recruited participants that are recruited for the study have the characteristics of interest to the RQ.

Quota sampling

Decided before the start of the research how many people to include and which characteristics they should have. It is not important how people are sampled, instead it is important if people in the sample meet the characteristics of interest to the researcher. Sampling is driven by the RQ.

Quota sampling notes

The sampling is theory-driven, all characteristics are decided in advance based on the RQ.

Purposive sampling

Similar to quota sampling. However, the sample size and proportions of the sample are not decided in advance. Recruiting anyone who has the characteristics of interest to you.

Purposive sampling notes

Less theory-driven. Target characteristics are decided in advance but not the composition of the sample.

Theoretical sampling

Special type of purposive sampling that stops when data saturation is reached. Data saturation is when no further information is obtained from new participants.

Theoretical sampling notes

Whether the information obtained is “new” or not is decided based off of background information.

Snowball sampling

Small number of participants are invited and asked to invited other people with the same characteristics. Can be combined with other sampling methods.

Snowball sampling notes

Convenient with groups who are difficult to reach (e.g gang members)

Convenience sampling

Using a ready sample.

Convenience sampling notes

Most cost-efficient method, however most superficial.