Bio term 2

CNS

central nervous system

PNS

peripheral nervous system

how many parts of the brain

6

name the red

frontal lobe

name the yellow

parietal lobe

name the purple

temporal lobe

name the blue

occipital lobe

name the brown

cerebellum

name the light purple

brain stem

name the 3 parts of the brain stem

mid brain

pons

medulla

what side of the brain is the side for creativity

right

what side of the brain is the side for thinking

left

what does the frontal lobe do

move, think and speak

what does the parietal lobe do

sensation

what does the temporal lobe do

understand and hear

what does the occipital lobe do

vision

what does the cerebellum

balance, coronation

what does the brain stem do

swallow, breath, heart rate, blood flow

how many parts are there in a neuron

6

what are the components in a neuron

dendrities

cell body/ soma

nucleus

axon

myelin sheath

axon terminals

what structure of the eye transmits messages from your eye to the brain

optic nerve

the pupil

the black part of your eye that allows light into the eye.

the Iris

the colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light in your eye

the cornea

the see through skin that covers your eye

the lens

a clear jelly substance that focuses light onto the retina.

the optic nerve

sends electric messages from the retina to the brain

what is the process to send a message

1 recognizes

2 sends message

3 processes

4 responds

stimuli

a event that triggers a response

Thermorespetors

detects temperature

pain receptors

pain

baroceptors

change in pressure

chemoeceptors

detects chemical connections

photoceptors

change in light

space between nerves

synaptic celf

neurotransmitters are

chemicals

GABA

calm/ relaxes

meletonin

sleep

oxytoein

love/ bellonging

dopamine

happiness

reflex action

a involuntary action in response to a stimuli

voluntary action

actions to a response to a external stimuli such as eating food/ chewing

involutary action

an action that just are natural and that you don’t have to think about such as keeping blood pumping to the heart.

how nerves communicate

1 stimuli

2 receptor

4 controller

5 effectors

6 response

what is the master gland

Pituitary gland

hormons control

reproduction

metabolism and energy balance

growth and development

body differences

general hemostasis: water nutrients and electrolyte balance in the blood.

endocrine system messages through

blood

the nervous system messages through

neurotransmitters

glands

is just a structure that secrets hormones

hormones are

proteins made of amino acids

hypothalamus

maintains homeostasis, including heart rate, temperature and blood pressure.

pituitary gland

is responsible for growth hormones

pineal gland

produces melatonin

thyroid

regulates energy and metabolism

parathyroid

produces hormones to help with calcium absorption

pancreas

manages blood sugar

adrenal

produces the hormone to help with stress

how many chemicals work in the body every minute.

50 different chemicals

what is the average body temp

37 degrees Celsius

pathogens

bacteria or virus

virus

not alive, genetic material

bacteria

alive, single cell

fungal

single or multicell, living

immune system

organs or tissues that can defend the body from infection

microrganism

microscopic organism

prokaryotic

no nucleus, no membrane

eukaryotic

nucleus, membrane - bond organisms

host

a larger organism that has a smaller organism inside

contagious

a disease that can spread from one person to the other

infection

the invasion and growth of microbes

viruses are surrounded by

protein coat, DNA/RNA envelope.

viruses replicate by

1. enters the host cell

2. makes it way into the cell and replicates

3. then this causes them to replicate into a lot more

4. the host cell releases dies and the virus particles release into the body

red blood cells

41% of blood

hemoglblobin

made of protein structure

carry oxygen around body

makes it red

plasma

made of water

proteins

yellow

in the bone marrow

55%

white blood cells

4% in the blood

fights pathogens

platelets

clots blood

how many lines of defense are there

3

antigen

substance that is recognized as foreign

antibodies

specific to antigens

bind and neutralizes pathogens

memory

1st line

non-specific

innate

chemical or physical barrier

2nd line

non-specific

Innate

Inflammatory

consumes pathogens

internal

3rd line

specific

adaptive

kill pathogens with T-cells(destroys) and B-cells(antibodies)

internal

phagocytosis

1. recognition and adherence

2. engulfment

3. intrasellar killing of pathogen

memory

storage of B and T cells for future with Bacteria and Virus.