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The first, and by far the longest period of human existence is known as…?
Paleolithic Era
What were the first civilizations found during the Bronze Age?
Epypt and Mesopotamia
What was the first civilization in Meopotamia?
Sumeria
What were the first complex civilization first to create?
systems of writting, economic trade and goverment
In which kingdom did Pharaohs have absolute authority?
Old kingdom
In what kingdom did Pharaohs have so much power they were considered gods?
Old kingdom
In what kingdom did only pharaohs were believed to have afterlives?
Old Kingdom
When were the great pyramids of Giza constructed?
Old Kingdom
In what kingdom did they build the Great Sphinx to protect the great pyramid?
Old kingdom
In what kingdom did Pharaohs have less authority but were still seen as living gods?
Middle Kingdom
In what kingdom did all Egyptians believe that they had access to the afterlife?
Middle Kingdom
In what kingdom were ambitious nobles threatened the Pharaohs’s authority?
Middle Kingdom
In what kingdom has a stable period of expansion?
Middle Kingdom
In what kingdom did pharaohs become military leaders which gave them them the means to reassert their dominance over unruly nobles?
New kingdom
What kingdoms have stronger Pharaohs?
New kingdom
What kingdom had a standing army?
New kingdom
In what kingdom was the creation of an Egyptian empire?
New kingdom
Who invented coinage?
Lydians
Who made the most important economic advances of all time?
Lydians
What was the 1st Iron Age empire?
Assyrians
Who originated the concept of a standing army?
Assyrians
Who showed respect for conquered people and their traditions?
Persians
Who allowed deported Jews from Babylon to return home to Judah?
Perisans
Who is Saul?
1st king of the Hebrews
Who left no written records?
Philistines
Who appears in the bible as warriors?
Philistines
Who were primarily farmers?
Philistines
Who was regarded internationally as a wise and the builder of the temple of jerusalem?
Solomon
Who is a key figure as he is looked on as the prototype of the savior Israel?
David
Who is the forerunner of the messiah?
David
Who perfected the alphabet to aid in keeping business records?
Phoenicians
Who is best known for a dye made from shellfish that was used for coloring royal garments?
Phoenicians
Who used glassblowing?
Phoenicians
Who was the first to create transparent glass?
Phoenicians
One of the most highly valued personal characteristics in greek life was?
competitivness
Which polis is known as the birthplace of democracy?
Athens
What did the ancient greeks compete over?
social status, personal wealth, and political power.
What did the Greeks see all human activity as?
competition
The primary requirement for being a Hellene was..?
speaking greek
Who are those who do not speak greek?
Barbarians
How were the greeks united?
through culture
What did the greeks collectively referred to themselves as?
Hellenes
Who believed they were culturally superior to all other people?
the greeks
The polis is a form of orginization represented by…?
a city state such as Athens or sparta
Who did the greeks borrow the alphabet from?
phoecians
Who did the greeks borrow coinage from?
Lydians
The greeks belived that their gods were..?
anthropomorphic
Constitutional form of goverment based on rule by the people?
Democracy
Goverment based on rule by a king?
Monarchy
Government based on rule by those owning the best land related by blood?
Aristocracy
Constitutional form of goverment based on rule by the wealthy?
Oligarchy
Agriculture in Sparta was done by..?
slaves known as helots
What was located inland far from the sea?
Sparta
A purley agricultural economy?
Sparta
Was poor and had a unsopisticated economy who never issued coins?
Sparta
Who has a conservative goverment?
Sparta
Their goverment was wary of foreigner and new ideas?
Sparta
Only had a greek polis to not get rid of his king?
Sparta
Had an army but could not afford a navy?
Sparta
Had an economy based on trade?
Athens
Located on the coast?
Athens
Monarchy replaced aristocracy, oligarchy, and eventually democracy?
Athens
Was wealthy?
Athens
Had military might which was a navy?
Athens
Had a goverment who had a liberal political ideology of all the greek cities?
Athens
Most greeks had a …, or marketplace, and an…, or fortified highpoint?
Agora; Acropolis
What was the main goal of the Maccabean Revolt in 167 B.C?
Political Independence
Philip II of Macedonia conqured Greece and then formed a coalition called the what?
League of Cornith
What was the main purpose of the League of Corinth?
to attack Persia
Why was Macedonia important to Greece?
It was a buffer for invaders from the north?
Who was open to almost constant attack?
Macedonia
Who became the most formidable fighting force in the ancient world?
The Macedonian Army
Who created the largest empire in only 10 years
Alexander the Great
The majority of Hellanistic colonies were named what?
Alexandria
Which area did Alexander plan on conquering first?
Persia
Under Persian rule what were the jews permitted to do?
to pursue their worship with little or no interference from the goverment
Who sought to implant greek culture in Judea more active than his predecessors?
Antiochus IV
Who is the Selucid King?
Antiochus IV
When Judea was absorbed in to the empire of Alexander, the Jews continued to do what?
enjoy the same religious freedom
Who were Romulus and Remus?
Mythologic twin sons of Mars who came to rule Rome in 753 B.C.E.
The greatest Roman virtue was considered to be?
pietas; or loyalty to family, friends, and the state
What was the primary reason for the Roman War?
they wanted to weaken potential enemies
Roman law under the twelve tables represented what?
the collective will of the people
What was the highest ranked elected official in the Republican goverment?
counsel
What was the primary governing body of the Roman Republic?
The Senate
What was the primary duty of the consuls in the Senate?
to lead the legion to war
What was the three overwhelming problems confronted by the Roman Republic?
Ineffective administration of the provinces, lack of control over volunteer army, and ambitious senators who put their personal interest ahead.
What was the principate based on?
based on understanding that the emperor and the senate governed as partners
What did the Proconsul allow Augustus to do?
allowed him to outrank any other general
What did the Tribune allow Augustus to do?
allowed him to introduce legislation and to veto the actions of other officials
What did the Censor allow Augustus to do?
allowed him the right to appoint new senators
What is Pontifex Maximus?
the head of roman state religion
The policy of holding power allowed Augustus to what?
keep a low profile and avoid seeming arrogant or autocratic
Everything the emperor did was according to what?
the republic’s constitution
What was the most important institution in the Roman Empire?
Army
What was the emperor’s top priority?
to maintain the army’s loyalty
What did Augustus create?
A standing, professional army that was loyal directly to him.
What was the biggest expense in the imperial budget?
Their army
What was an Imperial Cult?
worship of the divine nature of living and deified emperors
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