Unit 4 Vocab

Internal Boundaries

Dividing lines within a country, often based on political, cultural, or geographical factors.

Census

A systematic count of a population, typically conducted every 10 years, to gather demographic information.

 Reapportionment

The process of redistributing seats in a legislative body based on population changes, often determined by census data.

Redistricting

The process of redrawing electoral district boundaries to reflect population changes.

 Cracking

A gerrymandering tactic that spreads voters of a particular type across many districts to dilute their voting power.

Packing

A gerrymandering strategy that concentrates voters of one type into a single district to reduce their influence in other districts.

Stacking

A gerrymandering technique that combines areas of high and low population to give an advantage to one party.

Terrorism

The use of violence and intimidation, often against civilians, to achieve political or ideological goals.

Voting District

A geographic area represented by an elected official, typically used for organizing elections.

Gerrymandering

The manipulation of electoral district boundaries to favor one political party or group.

Unitary State

A state governed as a single entity where central government holds the majority of power, with limited regional authority.

NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a military alliance established for collective defense among its member countries.

Balkanization

The division of a region or state into smaller, often hostile, units based on ethnic or political differences.

Supranationalism

Cooperation between multiple countries to achieve shared goals, often involving some surrender of sovereignty.

 Irredentism

A political movement to reclaim and reoccupy a “lost” homeland, often based on historical or ethnic affiliations.

USMCA

The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, a trade deal replacing NAFTA, designed to strengthen economic ties.

WTO

The World Trade Organization, an international organization that regulates global trade and resolves disputes.

OPEC

 The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, which coordinates and unifies petroleum policies among member countries.

Trade Agreements

Treaties between two or more nations that outline terms of trade to promote economic cooperation.

Military Alliances

Agreements between nations to provide mutual support in the event of a conflict or war.

United Nations

An international organization established in 1945 to promote peace, security, and cooperation among member states.

Supranational Organizations

Entities formed by multiple countries that share authority over specific areas, like trade, defense, or environmental policy.

European Union (EU)

A political and economic union of European countries that promotes integration and cooperation.

ASEAN

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, a regional organization that promotes political and economic cooperation in Southeast Asia.

 African Union

A continental union consisting of 55 African countries, aimed at promoting unity, peace, and development.

Failed State

A state that is unable to maintain order, provide services, or exercise authority effectively.