WHAP Must-Know Dates

schism between catholics (west europe) and orthodox (east europe)

1054

crusades *last off-and-on for about 200 years (1100-1200s)

1095

mongols spread into the middle east, russia, and china (yuan). *mongols and turks are from central asia and will rely on the horse for "raiding and trading"

1200s

end of the middle ages (decentralized europe, innovative song china) *gunpowder, printing, compass, and silk making

1200s-1400s

unlucky 1300s (mini ice age *food supply drops; black death across the silk road)

1300s

recovery (renaissance and recovery in ming china (1300-1600ish)

1400s

ming china's short-lived expeditions into the indian ocean under zheng he

early 1400s

portugal rounds the tip of africa (cape of good hope)

late 1400s

ottoman empire (turks) conquer constantinople (istanbul). *byzantine empire (eastern roman empire) collapses

1453

columbus discovers the americas (kinda). (beginning of european domination: maritime empires, columbian exchange (PAPP), and the atlantic slave trade/african slavery in the americas)

1492

scientific revolution emerges from renaissance and muslim cultural exchange (trade) this scientific knowledge will give the europeans the upper hand in their explorations and creation of maritime empires. by the way, europeans will create an economic empire in china

1500s

protestant reformation (church splits into protestant in n. europe and catholic in s. europe)

1500s

revolutions (american, french, haitian, and latin american revolutions (creoles, bolivar, 1820s)

1776 (late 1700s-early 1800s)

enlightenment associated with revolutions (reason, freedom, equality, progress, and popular sovereignty) *grew out of the scientific revolution

1700s

industrial revolution begins in britain and spreads. (russia (end of serfdom: 1861 and the building of the trans-siberian railroad), ottoman empire *struggle with religious islamic traditions, china *struggle with confucian traditions and how much they should westernize and japan at a crossroads in the 1800s.) *chapter 33. *grew out the scientific revolution

1750s (ish)

end of the legal atlantic slave trade. big change in labor systems. slavery to indentured servants in the caribbean or to wage laborers in western europe and united states land is worthless without labor

1807

slavery abolished in the british empire. *turn to indian and chinese indentured servants to work their sugar plantations and coffee plantations in the caribbean

1833

13th amendment ends slavery in the U.S

1865

european migration looking for economic opportunity (such as industrial jobs in the U.S.). northern/western europe (england, germany, and scandinavia) in the early 1800s and southern/eastern europe (poland, greece, jewish people) in the late 1800s. australia-convicts moved to penal colonies.

1800s/early 1900s

irish potato famine (this american crop initially improves food supply) leads to irish migration to the U.S. *live in enclaves (irish neighborhood)

1840s

chinese immigration to the U.S. during the gold rush and transcontinental railroad. moving to california and living in enclaves called chinatowns qing china is in decline (opium war and taiping revolution)

1849-1860s

new imperialism (looking for industrial products (copper, tin, rubber, guano); scramble for africa (1880s) *economic imperialism = money control (example: china is too organized/strong to colonize, therefore, spheres of influence and extraterritorially)

late 1800s

meiji japan (the meiji government) industrializes, modernizes, westernizes, and militarizes (defeats china & russia; invades china (1937)) & attacks the U.S territory *eliminate shogun and social hierarchy (samurai) and strengthen the meiji emperor

mid-1800s (1860s)

italian and german national unification. *”find their place under the sun”!

mid 1800s (1860-1870)

revolutions (land redistribution = land represented power to oppress): mexican revolution, chinese revolution, and russian revolutions.

early 1900s

WWI begins. european influence declines in the world. empires collapse. *U.S. moving up. ***germany (BRAT) is forced to accept blame and is upset (wants revenge)

1914

stock market crashes. leads to a worldwide great depression in the 1930s. opens the door for fascism and stalin's 5-year plans. the U.S. embarks on FDR's new deal to try and stimulate the economy

1929

communist revolution in russia. partially caused by WWI 2 revolutions in one year

1917

end of WWII. *european empires collapse. beginning of the nuclear age. beginning of decolonization. beginning of the cold war. *a new political balance emerges between capitalist states and communist states. **some of the newly independent countries choose to remain non-aligned. ***india partitioned (1947) ****palestine partitioned between arabs and jews (1948)

1945

communists take over china and the soviet union explodes an atomic bomb *space race (sputnik = 1957)

1949

end of the cold war. berlin wall comes down. *soviet union collapses.

1990 (ish)

year of africa: african independence. **european empires continue to collapse.

1960

ming dynasty (recovery in china). *300 years.

1300-1600

qing dynasty (manchus rule china). *”chu”-qing!!! *lost control during the 1800s!! *300 years.

1600-1911