Atrial Septal Defect (Smarty PANCE)

An atrial septal defect is defined as a defect in the _______ that divides what part of the heart?

An atrial septal defect is defined as a defect in the septum that divides the atria

An atrial septal defect initially presents with what type of shunt?

An atrial septal defect initially presents with a left-to-right shunt

What are the symptoms and signs of ASD?

Complete atrioventricular septal defect with a large left-to-right shunt causes signs of heart failure (e.g., tachypnea, dyspnea during feeding, poor weight gain, diaphoresis) by age 4 to 6 weeks. Partial AV septal defects do not usually cause symptoms during childhood if left AV valve regurgitation is mild or absent. Symptoms (e.g., exercise intolerance, fatigue, palpitations) may develop during adolescence or early adulthood

Physical examination findings in ASD?

PE in children with complete AV septal defects shows an active precordium due to volume and pressure overload of the right ventricle; a single, loud 2nd heart sound (S2) due to pulmonary hypertension; a grade 2 to 3/6 systolic murmur; and sometimes a diastolic murmur at the apex and low left sternal border

What complication of atrial septal defect results from a clot from a deep vein thrombosis?

A paradoxical embolus is a complication of atrial septal defect in which a clot from a deep vein thrombosis can cross over from the right heart to the left causing stroke or brain abscess if the embolus is septic

What type of congenital heart disorder is an atrial septal defect?

An atrial septal defect is a non-cyanotic congenital heart disorder

Atrial septal defect presents with what type of first heart sound?

Atrial septal defect presents with a loud first heart sound

How will an atrial septal defect affect the oxygen saturation in the right side of the heart?

An atrial septal defect will cause increased oxygen saturation in the right side of the heart

How does ASD affect the second heart sound?

Atrial septal defect is a congenital heart disorder that is associated with wide fixed splitting of the second heart sound

What is the best diagnostic tool for diagnosing atrial septal defect?

Echocardiography is the best diagnostic tool for diagnosing atrial septal defect

Treatment of ASD?

Most ASD lesions will close spontaneously, but lesions causing symptoms or CHF require surgical repair