Introduction to Biological Classification

Classify

To organize into groups based on similarities.

Why do scientists classify organisms?

To group organisms with similar features and make them easier to study.

Binomial nomenclature

The two-word scientific naming system for organisms.

First word in a scientific name

The genus.

Second word in a scientific name

The species.

Why do we use scientific names?

To avoid mistakes, show relationships, give descriptive information, and organize data.

Genus of Ursus americanus

Ursus.

Species of Ursus americanus

americanus.

Phylogeny

The evolutionary history of an organism.

Basis for modern classification

Phylogeny.

7 levels of classification

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Mnemonic device for classification levels

King Philip Came Over For Great Spaghetti.

Classification as an address system

Each level narrows down to be more specific—like country to person.

Family name 'Ursidae'

The organism is a type of bear.