NUT 115 - Fats

where are fats soluble and insoluble

insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ether

what is the formal name for fats

acylglycerols

which molecule is really low in fats

fats are low in oxygen

what is the digestibility of fats compared to carbs and proteins

highly digestible, make 2.25x more energy

how are VFAs created

through microbial fermentation of carbs in the rumen

carbon composition of VFAs

acetic acid: 2C

propionic acid: 3C

butyric acid: 4C

composition of saturated fats

palmitic acid - 16:0

stearic acid - 18:0

composition of NONESSENTIAL unsaturated fats

oleic acid - 18:1

composition of ESSENTIAL unsaturated fats

linoleic acid - 18:2

linolenic acid - 18:3

arachidonic acid - 20:4

what is special about arachidonic acid

only essential in cats

humans can make it through other components such as linoleic and linolenic acid

which end do you could from to name double bonds in fats

from the methyl end

what is the function of omega 6 fats

increase: blood pressure, HR, blood clotting, immune response and inflammation

what is the function of omega 3 fats

oppose eicosanoids of AA-derived eicosanoids

what are the 6 functions of fats

1. 2.25x as much energy as CARBS and PROTEINS

2. provide EFAs

3. carrier for absorption of fat soluble vitamins

4. dust control (0.5-1%)

5. improves palatability of diets

6. value added animal produces - being fed omega 3 makes omega 3 products

what are fats used for in diets

to increase the energy density in certain feeds

what is the main fat percentage in diets

<5%

fat content in feed for swine and poultry

5-6%

fat content in feed for ruminants

3-6%

fat content in feed for horses

< 5%

fat content in feed for dogs and cats

5-9% but can be anywhere from 5-66%