Biology I - Mod 5 Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, and Fermentation

Krebs Cycle

takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria.

Glycolysis

takes place in the cells cytoplasm.

ADP

an energy-storing/transferring compound with only 2 phosphate groups.

Electron Transport Chain

takes place along the cristae of the mitochondria.

Stroma

the fluid portion outside of the thylakoids; light independent reactions take place here.

autotrophs

The process by which ________ use solar energy to produce chemical energy (sugars and starches) is known as photosynthesis.

Thylakoids

sac- like membranes; arranged in stacks called grana which contain chlorophyll; light dependent reactions take place here.

Glucose

a carbohydrate that is broken down during cellular respiration to release the needed energy.

Energy

the ability to do work.

Cellular respiration

releases energy more slowly; it is the only way to supply a continuous and more long term supply of ATP.

light-dependent reactions

take in water and light creating ATP and NADPH and giving off oxygen as a byproduct.

Glycolysis

gives 4 ATP molecules and 2 pyruvic acid for every glucose molecule; anaerobic process (no oxygen needed)

Electron Transport Chain

produces the most energy by using oxygen; aerobic process (uses high energy electrons from glycolysis and Krebs cycle to change ADP into ATP)

light- independent reactions

use the energy from the NADPH and ATP to power the creation of the sugars (chemical energy)

Krebs Cycle

(aka citric acid cycle) releases more energy from the pyruvic acids made during glycolysis; uses several "helper molecules.

ATP

energy-storing/transferring compound with 4 phosphate groups