Practice Polar vs. Nonpolar Molecules, Polar and nonpolar

polar

is PF3 Polar or non-polar

non polar

is CH4 polar or Nonpolar

polar

is H2S Polar or non polar

polar

Is CH2O polar or nonpolar?

nonpolar

is BeF2 polar or nonpolar

nonpolar

Is CS2 polar or nonpolar?

nonpolar

Is CBr4 polar or nonpolar

polar

Is CBrN polar or nonpolar

nonpolar

Is CI2 polar or nonpolar

Is I2 polar or nonpolar?

nonpolar

polar definition

covalent molecules that have regions with different electronegativity values

electrons are not equally shared

has dipoles (+ and - regions)

- region; area with a higher electronegativity value (closer to F)

+ region; area with lower electronegativity value

nonpolar definition

covalent molecules that have atoms with the same electronegativity values

electrons are equally shared

In which type of bond are electrons shared equally?

nonpolar molecules

Electrons are not equally shared within this type of bond

polar

CO₂

Nonpolar

H₂O

Polar

H₂S

polar

OCl₂

Polar

SeCl₂

polar

CCl₄

Nonpolar

CHCl₃

polar

SiH₄

Nonpolar

covalent bond

A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons

polar covalent bond

A covalent bond in which electrons are NOT shared equally

nonpolar covalent bond

a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally by the two atoms

non polar molecule

molecule that shares electrons equally and does not have oppositely charged ends; molecules are symmetrical (able to be cut from any direction and have a mirror image)

polar molecule

molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end; asymmetrical and each part of the lewis dot will not be the same

Electronegativity

the ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound

is H-F or H-Cl more polar?

H-F because Floruine is the most electronegative

Dipoles

positive and negative charged ends of a polar covalent molecule, more electronegative element wins, arrow goes toward the element that has the most electrons, more electronegative element

dipole example

HCI has a dipole with an arrow going towards the Cl

H2O

polar

What happens if there is a lone pair on the central atom

it is always polar

CHCl3

Polar

CHCl3 dipole

CO2 lewis dot

Non polar; no dipole

H2O dipole

NH3

polar

NH3 dipole

Unequal electron distribution

Creates a dipole in the bond or molecule; electrons shift toward most electronegative element; a dipole has a more positive side and a more negative side

How is the degree of polarity determined?

the difference in the electronegativities between the bonding element

Polarity

In electricity, the quality of having two oppositely charged poles, one positive and one negative: unequal distribution of electrons in the molecule

Which bond types can have polarity?

Covalent bonds

Polar molecule

a covalent compound in which one side of the molecule is slightly negative and the opposite side is slightly positive

properties of polar molecules

which solvent dissolves polar molecules?

polar solvent; "like dissolves like"

which solvent dissolves non polar molecules?

non polar solvent; "like dissolves like"

C-H

nonpolar

OF2

Oxygen is the most electronegative so the dipole goes toward oxygen not fluorine

What kind of bonds are in sodium phosphate

Ionic bond between sodium and phosphate

covalent bond between the elements in phosphate

overall ionic and covalent bonds