Systemic and Regional Anatomy Lecture Review

Flashcards providing vocabulary and definitions from the lecture notes on systemic and regional studies, medical terminology, and anatomical organization.

Systemic

Describes how all the body's systems are interconnected.

Regional Studies

The study of structures within specific regions of the body.

Homeostasis

Means systems work together in balance and harmony.

Medical Terminology

Words constructed from a prefix, root, and suffix; for example, pericardi (around the heart) + um (pertaining to).

Cranial/Cephalad

A directional term meaning towards the head.

Caudal/Caudad

A directional term meaning towards the tail or lower part of the body.

Saggital Plane

A body plane that separates the body into left and right sides.

Coronal/Frontal Plane

A body plane that separates the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) parts.

Transverse Plane

A body plane that separates the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) parts.

Negative Feedback

A feedback mechanism that senses change, tries to help, makes things worse, and repeats.

Positive Feedback

A feedback mechanism that works to bring the system back to balance.

Chemical Level

The most basic structural level, involving elements, atoms, and macromolecules.

Cellular Level

Composed of different types of cells, each with their own specific role.

Tissue Level

Groups of cells with similar structure and function, such as smooth, cardiac, and skeletal tissues.

Organ Level

Combinations of different tissues that work together to perform a general function.

System Level

The organization of two or more different organs working together.

Anatomical Position

A standardized body posture where the body is erect, feet together and forward, and palms facing forward.

Directional Terms

Vocabulary used to describe locations of structures relative to other structures or locations (e.g., superior/inferior, proximal/distal, medial/lateral, dorsal/ventral, supination/pronation, superficial/deep, inversion/eversion).

Dorsal Body Cavity

A body cavity that includes the cranial cavity (brain) and the spinal cavity (spinal cord).

Ventral Body Cavity

A body cavity that includes the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities.

Body Quadrants

Divisions of the abdomen for organizational purposes, including the Right Upper Quadrant and Left Upper Quadrant.

Abdominal Regions (Examples)

Specific areas within the abdomen, such as the Epigastric Region and Hypochondriac Region.