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Information Systems Planning
Translating strategic and organizational goals into systems development initiatives.
Systems Development Life Cycles
The stages a system goes through from investigation to maintenance and review.
Traditional Systems Development Life Cycle
Involves investigation, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance.
Prototyping
An iterative approach where solutions are designed and implemented in stages.
Rapid Application Development
A method to speed up application development.
Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) Tools
Tools automating tasks in systems development.
Object-Oriented Systems Development
Combines systems development with object-oriented modeling.
Systems Investigation
Process of identifying problems, opportunities, and costs of a new system.
Systems Analysis
Gathering data, determining requirements, and considering alternatives for a new system.
Systems Design
Specifies how the information system will solve a problem and its components.
Design Report
Primary result of systems design reflecting decisions made and preparing for systems implementation.
Systems Implementation
Includes hardware acquisition, programming, user preparation, hiring, training, site preparation, installation, testing, and user acceptance.
IS Vendor
Company offering hardware, software, telecommunications systems, databases, or other computer-related resources.
Make-or-buy Decision
Decision on obtaining software from external or internal sources.
User Preparation
Readying managers, decision makers, employees, and stakeholders for new systems.
IS Personnel
Hiring and training new personnel like IS managers, analysts, programmers, and data entry operators.
Site Preparation
Preparing the location of a new system with a focus on energy efficiency and security.
Data Preparation
Ensuring files and databases are ready for use with new computer software and systems.
Installation
Physically placing computer equipment on-site and making it operational.
Testing
Includes unit testing, system testing, volume testing, integration testing, and acceptance testing.
Start-Up
Begins with the final tested information system using approaches like direct conversion, phase-in, pilot, or parallel start-up.
User Acceptance
Formal agreement signed by users approving a phase of installation or the complete system.
Systems Operation and Maintenance
Involves using and enhancing the system to achieve user and organizational goals.
Systems Review
Analyzing systems to ensure they operate as intended, can be done during development.
System Performance Measurement
Monitoring system errors, memory, CPU time, and using software to measure system components.