Accommodative and Vergence Techniques

Orthopic fusion

fusion occurring when the plane of vergence is behind the plane of accommodation

minus, in

Orthopic fusion can be created using the brock string by using (plus or minus) lenses or base ____ prism

Chiastopic fusion

fusion occurring when the plane of vergence is in front of the plane of accommodation

plus, out

Chiastopic fusion can be created using the brock string by using (plus or minus) lenses or base ____ prism

Smooth vergence

vergences where the demand is gradually increased without breaking fusion in the process. I.e.) Risley prism

Jump vergences

vergences where the demand is increased in steps while fusion is interrupted briefly with each step. I.e.) prism bar

Gross Convergence

plane of accommodation and plane of vergence are at the same location

Physiological diplopia

serves as a suppression check during gross convergence activities

smooth

One bead push-up/push-away Brock string tests ____ vergences

jump

Brock string testing with 2 or more beads tests _____ vergences

smooth

Brock string bug on a string activity tests _____ vergences

jump

Barrel Card tests ____ vergences

smooth

Pencil pushup tests ____ vergences

40, 50

The Wheatstone stereoscope can create a demand of up to ___ PD BI and ___ PD BO

33, 3

The Wheatstone stereoscope has a working distance of ____ cm with an accommodative demand of ____ D

smooth

The Wheatstone stereoscope is used to train ____ vergences

optical infinity, zero

The Bernell-o-Scope is set at ____ with zero accommodative demand

jump

When stationary, the Bernell-o-Scope tests ____ vergences

smooth

When dynamic, the Bernell-o-Scope tests ___ vergences

smooth

The variable tranaglyph tests ____ vergences

jump, convergence, divergence

The non-variable tranaglyph tests ____ vergences where the front side tests (convergence or divergence) and the back side tests (convergence or divergence)

smooth, convergence, divergence

The quoit vectogram tests ___ vergences where the numbers represent (convergence or divergence) and the letters represent (convergence or divergence)

1 BI, 1 BO

In the Mother Goose vectogram Bo Peep is represented by the number at the bottom of the chart whereas humpty dumpty is an additional ____ and the kind is an additional ____. This allows for the testing of both smooth and jump vergences

jump

The Chicago skyline vectogram tests _____ vergences

Free Space Techniques

techniques where the Plane of vergence and plane of accommodation are never the same

jump

The aperture rule trainer activity tests ____ vergences

convergence

When there is a single aperture in the aperture rule trainer activity, (convergence or divergence) is being tested

divergence

When there is a double aperture in the aperture rule trainer activity, (convergence or divergence) is being tested

divergence

The clear portion of the eccentric circles tests (convergence or divergence)

convergence

The opaque portion of the eccentric circles tests (convergence or divergence)

target separation (cm) / working distance (m)

equation to calculate vergence demand in prism diopters