Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Neurotransmitters

chemical messengers in the nervous system that sends messages between neurons

Excitatory Neurotransmitters

sends signals that stimulate the brain.

Inhibitory Neurotransmitters

Sends signals that calms the brain down.

Glutamate

the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS. It is involved in learning, memory, and adaptation

GABA

a neurotransmitter that acts as the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It promotes relaxation and reduces anxiety

Dopamine

neurotransmitter that plays a role in regulating mood, reward, motivation, and movement

Serotonin

neurotransmitter that plays a vital role in regulating mood, sleep, appetite, and Stress

Endorphins

neurotransmitters produced by the brain that act as natural pain relievers and mood enhancers

Substance P

neurotransmitter involved in transmitting pain signals in the nervous system

Acetylcholine

neurotransmitter that plays an important role in the CNS and PNS. It is involved in various functions, including muscle contraction, memory, and learning.

Hormones

chemical messengers from the endocrine system that travel through the bloodstream

Ghrelin

hormone that increases hunger. Produced by the stomach and small intestines

Leptin

Hormone that balances energy by signalling the body's full and decreases hunger

Melatonin

hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates the sleep-wake cycle

Adrenaline

hormone and neurotransmitter that is part of the fight or flight response when threatened. It's usually released when the person is stressed, in danger, or has anxiety.

Norepinephrine

a neurotransmitter in the body. It is involved in the body's 'fight or flight' response, increases blood pressure and heart rate.

Oxytocin

Produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland which is known as the love hormone that fosters relationships and connection among beings