long answer

Three key features of the Enlightenment include the shift toward __________ and __________, the concept of __________ humanity, and the exploration of human dignity and rights.

reason, observation, universal

Anthropology has been described as an Enlightenment discipline because its historical roots can be traced back to __________ during the __________.

Europe, Age of Enlightenment

Anthropology emerged in the context of colonial expansion, primarily studying the __________ 'other.'

exotic

Early anthropologists often claimed objectivity, but their work reinforced __________ views of superiority.

colonial

Many early anthropologists served as advisors to __________ governments, providing insights that facilitated control over colonized populations.

colonial

Cultural evolution posits that societies progress through fixed stages from '' to '.'

savagery, civilization

E.B. Tylor's unilineal evolution includes stages of __________, __________, and __________.

savagery, barbarism, civilization

Lewis Henry Morgan expanded on Tylor's model by subdividing stages into lower, middle, and upper categories for both __________ and __________.

savagery, barbarism

Cultural relativism emphasizes understanding cultures on their own terms, advocating for a non-______________ approach.

judgmental

One critique of cultural relativism is that it may prevent the condemnation of harmful practices that violate __________ rights.

human

The reflexive turn in anthropology emerged from a historical recognition of the discipline's ties to __________ and __________ perspectives.

colonialism, Eurocentric

One aim of the reflexive turn is to critique the legacy of __________ in research.

colonialism

A critique of the reflexive turn is that it may lead to __________, causing anthropologists to disengage from addressing real issues.

inaction