ch9 phs

What are the three layers of skin?

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

1

epidermis

2

dermis

3

hypodermis

4

sebaceous gland

5

lipocytes (fat cells)

6

sweat/sudoriferous gland

7

lamellar corpuscle

8

artery

9

vein

10

hair follicle

11

arrector pili muscle

12

hair shaft

13

pore of sweat duct

what part of the skin

protects the body from bacteria and holds in moisture to prevent dehydration

epidermis

what part of the skin

provides padding, holds in body heat, and stores energy and nutrients

hypodermis

what part of the skin

contains most of the skin’s structures

dermis

what part of the skin

makes sweat to cool body

sweat/sudoriferous gland

what part of the skin

carries oxygenated blood from heart to skin

artery

what part of the skin

carries deoxygenated blood back to heart

vein

what part of the skin

causes hair to stand up

arrector pili muscle

what part of the skin

makes oil/sebum to keep hair and skin moist

sebaceous gland

what part of the skin

is where the hair grows, and it helps the hair develop

hair follicle

what part of the skin

stores fat for energy and insulation in skin

lipocyte (fat cells)

what part of the skin

senses vibrations and deep pressure on skin

lamellar corpuscle

what part of the skin

is the visible part of the hair that protects scalp and regulates temperature

hair shaft

what’s the largest organ in the human body?

the skin

what part of the skin does a 1st degree burn affect?

epidermis

what part of the skin does a 2nd degree burn affect?

dermis

what part of the skin does a 3rd degree burn affect?

hypodermis

what part of the skin does a 4th degree burn affect?

all until muscle and bones

what’s a pressure wound?

ulcer caused by lack of circulation to skin

derma

skin

benign

not cancerous

malignant

cancerous

what do ligaments connect?

bone to bone

what do tendons connect?

bone to muscle

basal cell carcinoma

most common skin cancer

what does the ABCDE rule stand for?

asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolving

what does the ABCDE rule do?

helps detect possible cancer

A

protects organs

B

store and release bone marrow / fat

C

blood cell production

D

store and release minerals

E

movement

F

support

1/3

epiphysis

5

spongy bone

11/4

cartilage

2

diaphysis

6

compact bone

8

medullary cavity

10

periosteum

11

tendon

6+blank arrow

compact bone + red bone marrow cavities

9

yellow bone marrow

A

short bone

B

long bones

C

flat bone

D

irregular bone

E

semasoid

kyphosis

outward hunchback, spine is curved outwards

scoliosis

sideways/lateral curve of spine

lordosis

inward swayback, spine is curved inwards

axial skeleton

protects body, skull, spine, ribs

appendicular skeleton

movement, arm, leg, shoulder, pelvis

red

cervical, 7

blue

thoracic, 12

green

lumbar, 5

yellow

coccyx/sacrum

1

skull

2

clavicle

3

humerus

5

ulna

4

radius

11

pelvis

15

tibia

6

femur

7

fibula

14

patella

9

sternum

osteoblast

bone forming cells, add minerals to bone

osteoclast

breakdown bones to make new bones

collagen

protein fiber, acts like a glue in skin, muscle tendons, and bone ligaments

A

greenstick

B

stress

C

comminuted

D

spiral

which body part uses a:

gliding joint

wrist and ankle

which body part uses a:

hinge joint

elbow, knee, jaw

which body part uses a:

condylar joint

wrist, fingers

which body part uses a:

ball and socket joint

hips and shoulders

which body part uses a:

pivot joint

head side to side, elbow

which body part uses a:

saddle joint

thumb

which of the three muscles are voluntary?

skeletal

which of the three muscles are involuntary?

cardiac, smooth

agonist

muscle doing the work

antagonist

relaxed muscle

what does RICE stand for?

rest, ice, compress, elevate

what does a physical therapist do?

help injured or ill people improve movement or reduce pain