liver

When does liver development begin in fetal life?

In the 4th week of fetal development.

What forms the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts during embryonic development?

They form from the hepatic diverticulum, which is an endodermal outgrowth.

What significant structures develop from the hepatic diverticulum in the 5th week?

The cystic duct and gallbladder from the caudal portion, and the right and left hepatic lobes from two buds in the cephalic portion.

What happens to the liver lobes during the 6th week of development?

The right lobe grows larger, the caudate and quadrate lobes develop from the right lobe, and the left lobe degenerates slightly.

What is the fate of the umbilical vein after birth?

It becomes the ligamentum teres (round ligament).

What does the ductus venosus become after birth?

It becomes the ligamentum venosum.

What is the function of the umbilical vein's right branch during fetal circulation?

It is the ductus venosus, which bypasses the liver and enters the inferior vena cava (IVC).

What is the falciform ligament?

It attaches the anterior liver to the abdominal wall and divides the right and left lobes.

What is the ligamentum teres and its significance?

It is the remnant of the umbilical vein and separates the medial and lateral left lobes.

What does the ligamentum venosum separate?

It separates the left lobe from the caudate lobe.

What are the coronary ligaments?

They anchor the posterior liver to the diaphragm and meet to form the triangular ligaments.

What connects the liver to the stomach and duodenum?

The lesser omentum.

What is the epiploic foramen?

Also known as the Foramen of Winslow, it is the opening between the lesser sac and the peritoneal cavity.

What is the Main Lobar Fissure (MLF) and its significance?

It divides the right anterior and left medial lobes and contains the middle hepatic vein.

What does the right intersegmental fissure divide?

It divides the right lobe into anterior and posterior segments and contains the right hepatic vein.

What does the left intersegmental fissure divide?

It divides the left lobe into medial and lateral segments and contains the left hepatic vein, falciform ligament, and ligamentum teres.

What is the quadrate lobe's anatomical classification?

It is considered the medial segment of the left lobe but is anatomically distinct.

Where is the quadrate lobe located?

On the visceral surface of the liver.

What structures bound the quadrate lobe?

It is bounded by the porta hepatis (posterior), inferior liver margin (anterior), GB fossa (right), and ligamentum teres fissure (left).