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What is the purpose of redundancy in network design?
To ensure functionality even when some parts fail by providing backup pathways.
What do protocols define in computing systems?
The rules for communication between devices.
What is a packet in the context of data transmission?
A small unit of data that is divided for transmission, including headers that guide it to its destination.
How does scalability apply to computing systems?
It refers to the ability of a system to handle increased load or demand.
What does the World Wide Web use for communication?
Web protocols like HTTP.
What is bandwidth, and how is it measured?
Bandwidth refers to the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given time, typically measured in Mbps or Gbps.
What is a computing device?
Any hardware capable of processing data and executing instructions, such as smartphones or servers.
What is a distributed computing system?
A system that divides computational tasks across multiple devices or servers to improve efficiency.
Describe a fault-tolerant computing system.
A system designed to continue operating smoothly even when some components fail.
What is the function of the Internet Protocol (IP) address?
It is a unique numerical label assigned to each device in a network, enabling identification and communication.
How does HTTP differ from HTTPS?
HTTP is a protocol for transmitting web pages, whereas HTTPS is its encrypted version that ensures secure communication.
What are the main differences between TCP and UDP?
TCP ensures reliable delivery of data packets, while UDP is faster but does not guarantee delivery.
What defines a parallel computing system?
It processes multiple tasks simultaneously by dividing work among multiple processors.
What is the significance of routing in computer networks?
Routing directs data packets to ensure they reach their intended destinations using optimal paths.
What does the term 'data stream' refer to?
A continuous flow of data packets transmitted between devices in real-time.
What is scalability in terms of network systems?
The ability of a system to handle increasing loads or expand capacity without performance compromise.
What are common applications of distributed computing?
Cloud computing services like Google Drive.
How are packets structured?
Packets include a header with source and destination addresses and the actual data payload.
What types of applications typically use UDP?
Applications like video conferencing and online gaming, where speed is prioritized over reliability.
Name two examples of real-world applications of computing systems and networks.
Telemedicine in healthcare and online banking in finance.
What are some challenges faced by networks?
Cyberattacks, scalability issues, and latency are common challenges in networks.
