Studied by 4 people
Stimulus
light, sound, smell
sensory receptors
eyes, ears, nose
perception
visual, auditory, olfactory areas
sensation
the process of detecting external events by the sense organs
Transduction
process in which physical or chemical stimulation is converted into a neural impulse that is delayed to the brain
perception
involves attending to, organizing and interpreting stimuli that we sense
absolute threshold
the minimum amount of energy or quantity of a stimulus required for it to be reliably detected at least 50% of the time it is presented
difference threshold
smallest difference between two stimuli that a subject can detect
Signal detection theory
how we make decisions under conditions of uncertainty
thresholds can vary depending on the individual or context in which decision is made
correct responses
hit - detecting the stimulus when it is present correct rejection - not detecting the stimulus when it is absent
incorrect responses
miss - failing to detect the stimulus when it is presented false alarm - detecting the stimulus when it is absent
Subliminal stimuli
presented to a person below their conscious threshold,
can detect this without conscious awareness (activation in certain brain activity)
effects are limited: will not make you do anything you wouldn't do.
Perceptual organization
process by which elements are organized to form perceptible objects (grouping and segration)
figure- ground principle:
objects and figures in our environment tend to stand out against its background
Gestalt principles: good continuation
objects that are partially covered by other objects are seen as continuing behind those objects ex: Olympic rings
gestalt principles: proximity
brains tendency to organize information that is close together
Gestalt: similarity
objects that are similar depending on their shape, size and colour.
gestalt principle: closure
fill in the gaps when we see certain things.
Note
Flashcard