fckass health sci

Four main tissue types of the body

Epithelial

Function of Skeletal system

Support

Function of Muscular system

Movement

Function of Endocrine system

Hormone production and regulation

Function of Integumentary system

Protects body

Cell

Basic unit of life

Organ

Structure made of tissues performing a specific function

Tissue

Group of similar cells with a common function

Body system

Group of organs working together

Body cavity

Space in the body housing organs

Transverse plane

Divides body into top and bottom

Sagittal plane

Divides body into left and right

Midsagittal plane

Divides body into equal left and right halves

Frontal/Coronal plane

Divides body into front and back

Medial

Toward the midline

Lateral

Away from the midline

Inferior

Below

Superior

Above

Ventral

Front

Dorsal

Back

Anterior

Front

Posterior

Back

DDD

Degenerative Disc Disease

MCL

Medial Collateral Ligament

CXR

Chest X-ray

RA

Rheumatoid Arthritis

MRI

Magnetic imaging of soft tissue using no radiation

Ultrasound

Imaging using sound waves

X-ray

Imaging using radiation for bones

CT Scan

Cross-sectional X-ray for detailed imaging

X-ray discovery

Wilhelm Roentgen

Wrist bones

Carpals

Ankle bones

Tarsals

Pelvic girdle bones

Ilium

Fingers and toes bones

Phalanges

Cranium location

Skull

Maxilla location

Upper jaw

Ilium location

Upper pelvis

Coccyx location

Tailbone

Scoliosis

Abnormal lateral spine curvature

Osteoporosis

Bone thinning and fragility

Ankylosing spondylitis

Spine inflammation and fusion

Achondroplasia

Genetic dwarfism

Cerebellum function

Coordination and balance

Cerebrum function

Thinking

Pons function

Relays messages

Medulla oblongata function

Controls heartbeat

Thalamus function

Sensory relay station

Corpus callosum

Connects left and right brain hemispheres

Diencephalon

Includes thalamus and hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

Regulates homeostasis functions

Brain convolutions

Folds increasing brain surface area

Chemical messengers

Neurotransmitters

7 functions of hypothalamus

Temperature

Neuron communication

Electrical signal sent through axon

Dendrites

Receive signals from other neurons

Axon

Transmits signals

Synapse

Gap between neurons

Myelin sheath

Insulates axon

Parkinson’s Disease

Degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons causing tremors

Alzheimer’s Disease

Progressive memory and cognitive decline

CVA (Stroke)

Brain damage from interrupted blood flow

Biceps brachii

Front of upper arm

Triceps brachii

Back of upper arm

Biceps femoris

Hamstring

Quadriceps

Front of thigh

Injection site muscles

Deltoid

Plantar flexion

Pointing toes downward

Circumduction

Circular motion

Dorsiflexion

Toes pointing upward

Extension

Straightening a limb

Tendons connect

Muscle to bone

Ligaments connect

Bone to bone

Importance of body mechanics

Prevent injury and ensure safe movement

Muscular Dystrophy

Genetic disease causing muscle wasting

Young-old age range

65–74

Middle-old age range

75–84

Old-old age range

85+

Researcher of grief stages

Elisabeth Kübler-Ross

Hospice care

End-of-life comfort care for terminal patients

Cheyne-Stokes breathing

Irregular breathing before death

Active euthanasia

Intentional cause of death

Passive euthanasia

Withholding life-sustaining treatment

Stages of grief

Denial

Electrolyte from digested blood

Potassium

Effect of potassium on heart rhythm

Can cause dangerous arrhythmias

Physical rehabilitation

Restoring physical function and mobility

PT role

Helps patients improve movement and strength

SLP role

Helps with speech and swallowing

OT role

Assists with daily living skills

Scrubbing in

Performing sterile handwashing and donning sterile gear

Chief surgeon role

Leads surgical procedure

Cardiac perfusionist role

Operates heart-lung machine

Anesthesiologist role

Manages anesthesia during surgery

Nurse first assistant role

Assists surgeon directly

Retractor

Surgical tool to hold tissue aside

Hemostat

Surgical clamp for vessels

Scalpel

Surgical cutting tool

Autoclave

Device for sterilizing equipment

Surgical safety checklist

Checklist to confirm patient identity