Growth and Development

In Erikson’s concept of trust vs mistrust, an infant learns trust if their:

Needs are met consistently

In Piaget’s sensorimotor stage, the main concept that develops for infants in this stage is:

Object permanence

Birth weight _______ at 6 months and _________ at 1 year.

Doubles; Triples

Infants under 1 year old should not consume _______ due to botulism risk.

Honey

__________ does not replace breast milk/formula as the main drink until 12 months of age.

Cow’s milk

In Erikson’s concept of Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt, parents can support toddlers in this stage by:

Encouraging independence and offer limited choices

In Piaget’s concept of Preoperational thought, toddlers and young children develop:

Egocentrism, magical thinking, symbolic/pretend play

Toddler appetite often decreases because:

Growth rate slows

In Erikson’s concept of initiative vs Guilt, parents can help preschoolers during this age by:

Encouraging exploration, creativity, and trying new activities

Preschoolers that experience hospitalization experience _______ thinking that may cause the child to believe that their illness is a _______. Reassure them it’s not.

Magical thinking; Punishment

In Erikson’s concept of Industry vs Inferiority, school aged children struggle with:

Achievement, competence, school + peer involvment

In Piaget’s concept of Concrete Operational thinking, school aged children begin to have ________ thinking about real things and conservation.

Logical thinking

In Erikson’s concept of Identity vs Role Confusion, adolescents struggle with developing their:

Personal identity and increasing independence

In Piaget’s concept of Formal Operational thinking, adolescents begin to have:

Abstract and hypothetical thinking

At birth, the immunizations that babies can receive are:

Hep B, Vit K

If mom is HBsAg positive, the newborn needs to receive:

Hep B vaccine and HBIG after birth

At 2, 4, and 6 months, infants begin to receive:

DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV, Rota, sometimes Hep B

Children can begin receiving the Flu vaccine at:

6 months

At 12-15 months, infants can begin to receive:

MMR, Varicella, and Hep A (and Hib, PCV, boosters)

Adolescents receives these vaccines:

Tdap, HPV, Meningococcal ACWY

At 6 months, babies should be physically able to:

Sit up, transfer objects from hand to hand

At 9 months, babies should be physically able to:

Sit independently; Pincer grasp (developing)

At 12 months, babies should be physically able to:

Possibly walk, Pincer grasp

Reflexes and body control is developed __________ then ___________.

Cephalocaudal; Proximodistal

At 4 years old, children should physically be able to:

Hop on 1 foot, draw a cross

At 5 years old, children should physically be able to:

Skip, draw a triangle

At 3 years old, children should physically be able to:

Ride a tricycle, draw a circle

In infant feeding, crying is a _____ hunger cue.

Late

Hunger cues for infants present as:

Rooting, hand to mouth, sucking motions, increases alertness/activity

Fullness cues for infants present as:

Turning head away, stops sucking, closes mouth, becomes relaxed/distracted

When feeding an infant, you should never ______ the bottle.

Prop the bottle up.

When preparing infant forumla, you should not _____ the bottle when warming.

Microwave

At 6 months, parents can begin to introduce:

Soft foods/purees.

The biggest nursing priority when tube feeding is:

Aspiration risk

Nursing cares during tube feeding include:

Elevate HOB, assess feeding tolerance, verify tube placement

Primitive reflexes should ______ as the CNS matures.

Disappear