Unit 4 AoS 1 Chinese Revolution - Short Flashcards VCE History Revolutions

Early 20th Century

• Major philosophy/religion

• Confucianism: Promotes respect

• Daotism: Values the ‘Three Treasures': Compassion, moderation and humiity

• Buddhism: The four truths

1. Life entails suffering

2. Suffering is due to attachment

3. Suffering can be overcome by giving up attachment

4. Living a disciplined life is the key to giving up attachment

• The Mandate of Heaven: Concept that heaven placed an emperor/ruler on the throne, so heaven could approve any action

• Hierarchy

• Emperor

• Royal family

• 0.001% Shenshi (government officials)

• 80% peasants

• 13% artisans and town workers

• 5% soldiers and merchants

• Actors, prostitutes and gravediggers

• Population growth:

• 1700: 200 million in China to over 430 million by 1850s (due to peace under Qing rule)

• 94% of all Chinese people lived in the country’s 800,000 villages

• 60% of land was in the hands of wealthy Chinese

• Life expectancy was at 25 years

L2: Yuan Shikai and Sun Yixian

L4: Sun and Yuan’s Roles in the 1911 Revolution

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